Plant Biology: Root Structure and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of root hairs in plants?

  • To transport food to the leaves
  • To absorb water and salts from the soil (correct)
  • To anchor the plant in the soil
  • To conduct photosynthesis

Which tissue in plants primarily transports water from roots to other parts of the plant?

  • Xylem (correct)
  • Phloem
  • Epidermis
  • Cortex

Which structure surrounds the pericycle in the root?

  • Endodermis (correct)
  • Xylem
  • Cortex
  • Phloem

What process primarily allows root hairs to absorb water?

<p>Osmosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of phloem in a plant?

<p>Transports dissolved organic matter throughout the plant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What comprises the central core of conducting tissues in the root?

<p>Xylem and phloem plus pericycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does water move through the plant from roots to aerial parts?

<p>From an area of higher water potential to lower water potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is the outermost in a plant root?

<p>Epidermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Root Epidermis

The outermost layer of cells in a root, containing root hairs that increase surface area for absorption.

Root Hairs

Tiny extensions of epidermal cells on roots that increase surface area for water and nutrient absorption.

Osmosis

The process by which water moves from a region of higher water potential (concentration) to a region of lower water potential.

Endodermis

A single layer of cells surrounding the pericycle in a root, playing a role in water and nutrient transport.

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Vascular Cylinder

The central core of a root, containing xylem and phloem for water and food transport.

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Xylem

A vascular tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals upwards from the roots.

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Phloem

A vascular tissue that transports dissolved sugars and other organic compounds throughout the plant.

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Water and Salt Transport

The process of moving water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

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