Plant Biology Quiz

The vascular tissue responsible for transporting sugars (produced during photosynthesis) from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Vascular tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. It provides mechanical support.

A layer of actively dividing cells between the xylem and phloem responsible for secondary growth.

Xylem transports water and minerals upwards, while phloem transports sugars both upwards and downwards.

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of sugars, using water and carbon dioxide.

Plants lacking specialized vascular tissues for transporting water and nutrients.

The primary photosynthetic pigment in plants, absorbing light energy.

Structures involved in plant reproduction, such as flowers or cones.

Basic structural and functional units of all known living organisms.

The protective outer layer of a woody stem or root, replacing the epidermis during secondary growth.

A layer of protective tissue formed to the outside of the cork cambium; also known as cork.

The actively dividing meristematic layer responsible for the development of the periderm.

A layer of parenchyma cells formed to the inside of the cork cambium.

The outermost, single-layered protective covering of plants.

Rings formed annually in woody plants due to seasonal variations in growth.

The main component of annual rings; formed during secondary growth.

Tissue responsible for transporting sugars; not a component of tree rings.

Living cells involved in storage and other metabolic processes; not the primary structural component of rings.

The increase in thickness of a plant, produced by lateral meristems (vascular cambium and cork cambium).

The outer layer of a pollen grain, providing protection.

Cells in plants that do not rely on the phloem for nutrients or support.

Epidermal cells which support guard cells.

Tissue in plants consisting of actively dividing cells forming new tissues.

Cells connected to sieve tube elements that aid in transport.

A meristem responsible for the primary growth of a plant (elongation).

The main conducting cells of the phloem, forming a continuous pathway for transporting sugars and other organic compounds.

The large cell in the center of the embryo sac, containing the polar nuclei.

Pores in the periderm of woody stems that facilitate gas exchange.

Vascular tissue in plants that conducts sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.

A lateral meristem responsible for secondary growth that produces cork (outer bark).

A layer of cells surrounding the vascular cylinder in roots, involved in regulating water and nutrient uptake.

A layer of cells in roots that can give rise to lateral roots.

The initial anatomical organization of a plant organ as it develops from the apical meristem.

The internal arrangement of tissues in a plant root during its initial development.

The primary root structure found in monocot plants, characterized by a specific arrangement of vascular tissues and a lack of cambium.

The increase in thickness or girth of a plant stem or root due to the activity of lateral meristems.

A stem's tissue arrangement before significant thickening occurs.

Meristematic layer between xylem and phloem, producing secondary vascular tissues.

The outermost layer of bark, composed of cork cambium, cork, and other tissues.

A layer of meristematic cells that produces cork.

Wood formed during secondary growth, located inside vascular cambium.

The central tissue in stems and roots, composed of parenchyma cells .

The root structure found in dicot plants during their initial growth stage, characterized by a central vascular cylinder with xylem forming a solid core or ridges and phloem located between the xylem arms.

A root in a dicot plant that is in its initial phase of development, before secondary growth occurs.

A plant that has two cotyledons (seed leaves) within its seed. Often characterized by having net-like (reticulate) leaf venation and a taproot system.

The central part of the root containing the vascular tissues (xylem and phloem).