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Questions and Answers
What structure distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
What structure distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing energy in both plant and animal cells?
Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing energy in both plant and animal cells?
What term is used to describe a group of cells that share a similar structure and function?
What term is used to describe a group of cells that share a similar structure and function?
Which of the following is an example of vascular tissue in plants?
Which of the following is an example of vascular tissue in plants?
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Which type of plant tissue is primarily responsible for transport of nutrients and sugars?
Which type of plant tissue is primarily responsible for transport of nutrients and sugars?
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What type of animal tissue is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses?
What type of animal tissue is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses?
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Which cells are primarily involved in photosynthesis in plants?
Which cells are primarily involved in photosynthesis in plants?
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In terms of plant sensory functions, which type of tissue would be least likely to be involved?
In terms of plant sensory functions, which type of tissue would be least likely to be involved?
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What is the primary function of meristematic tissue in plants?
What is the primary function of meristematic tissue in plants?
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Which type of permanent tissue is responsible for conducting water and minerals?
Which type of permanent tissue is responsible for conducting water and minerals?
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Which type of meristem is also referred to as lateral meristem?
Which type of meristem is also referred to as lateral meristem?
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Why is simple permanent tissue called 'simple'?
Why is simple permanent tissue called 'simple'?
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What is a characteristic of meristematic cells?
What is a characteristic of meristematic cells?
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Which type of meristem arises from embryonic origin?
Which type of meristem arises from embryonic origin?
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What type of meristem is responsible for the growth in length of roots and shoots?
What type of meristem is responsible for the growth in length of roots and shoots?
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Which type of permanent tissue provides structural support to plants?
Which type of permanent tissue provides structural support to plants?
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What kind of tissue is primarily responsible for the transport of water and nutrients in plants?
What kind of tissue is primarily responsible for the transport of water and nutrients in plants?
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Which type of tissue is characterized by a group of undifferentiated cells that can develop into specialized structures?
Which type of tissue is characterized by a group of undifferentiated cells that can develop into specialized structures?
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What tissue primarily serves as the protective covering for plants?
What tissue primarily serves as the protective covering for plants?
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Which type of tissue is responsible for filling in the soft parts of the plant?
Which type of tissue is responsible for filling in the soft parts of the plant?
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Which tissue type is typically found in mature plants?
Which tissue type is typically found in mature plants?
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What is the characteristic of meristematic tissue?
What is the characteristic of meristematic tissue?
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What type of tissue is found primarily in the roots and stems of plants?
What type of tissue is found primarily in the roots and stems of plants?
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Which tissue provides both structural support and stores nutrients in a plant?
Which tissue provides both structural support and stores nutrients in a plant?
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What type of meristem is primarily responsible for increasing the height of a developing plant?
What type of meristem is primarily responsible for increasing the height of a developing plant?
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Which meristematic tissue helps in the development of ground tissue?
Which meristematic tissue helps in the development of ground tissue?
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Where is the intercalary meristem primarily located?
Where is the intercalary meristem primarily located?
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Which layer of dermal tissue consists of a single layer of closely packed cells?
Which layer of dermal tissue consists of a single layer of closely packed cells?
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What is the main function of stomata in plants?
What is the main function of stomata in plants?
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Which of the following is true regarding lateral meristem?
Which of the following is true regarding lateral meristem?
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What type of tissue is periderm classified as?
What type of tissue is periderm classified as?
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What is the function of the cuticle in the epidermis?
What is the function of the cuticle in the epidermis?
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What type of tissue replaces the epidermis in plants that undergo secondary growth?
What type of tissue replaces the epidermis in plants that undergo secondary growth?
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Which characteristic is associated with ground tissue in plants?
Which characteristic is associated with ground tissue in plants?
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What is the primary function of xylem in vascular tissue?
What is the primary function of xylem in vascular tissue?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding phloem?
Which of the following statements is true regarding phloem?
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What type of ground tissue is primarily involved in photosynthesis and food storage?
What type of ground tissue is primarily involved in photosynthesis and food storage?
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Which tissue provides mechanical support and rigidity to non-growing parts of a plant?
Which tissue provides mechanical support and rigidity to non-growing parts of a plant?
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What is the role of tracheids in xylem?
What is the role of tracheids in xylem?
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Which characteristic distinguishes collenchyma from other types of ground tissue?
Which characteristic distinguishes collenchyma from other types of ground tissue?
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Study Notes
Cells and Tissues Overview
- Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus; eukaryotic cells possess one.
- Mitochondria serve as the energy-producing organelles in both plant and animal cells.
- Ribosomes are essential for protein production within cells.
- Fimbriae are bristle-like appendages that allow prokaryotes to adhere to surfaces.
- Plasmids are structures commonly found in bacteria and can carry genetic information.
Learning Competencies and Objectives
- Classify different cell types in plant and animal tissues.
- Differentiate between parenchyma, sclerenchyma, and collenchyma cells in plants.
- Describe the functions of dermal, ground, and vascular tissues in plants.
- Identify various animal cell types, including blood, nerve, and bone cells.
- Explain the functions of the four major animal tissue types.
Plant Tissues and Histology
- Histology is the study of cells and tissues.
- Plant tissue is divided into meristematic and permanent types.
- Meristematic tissue comprises young, immature cells that continuously divide, contributing to plant growth in length and girth.
- Permanent tissue arises from meristems and comprises mature, non-dividing cells.
Types of Plant Meristems
- Primordial Meristem: Earliest tissue, arises from embryonic origin.
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Primary Meristem: Develops into three types:
- Protoderm: Forms the epidermis.
- Procambium: Develops into primary xylem and phloem.
- Ground Meristem: Forms cortex and pith.
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Secondary Meristem: Lateral meristems that include:
- Vascular cambium: Produces secondary xylem and phloem.
- Cork cambium: Produces periderm, replacing the epidermis.
Types of Permanent Plant Tissues
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Dermal Tissue: Protective outer covering of plants, includes:
- Epidermis: A single layer of parenchymatous cells containing stomata and cuticle.
- Periderm: Multilayered, replaces epidermis during secondary growth.
- Ground Tissue: Fills soft parts of plants, involved in photosynthesis and storage.
- Vascular Tissue: Transport system for water and nutrients throughout the plant.
Types of Ground Tissue
- Parenchyma: Thin-walled living cells, involved in photosynthesis and storage.
- Collenchyma: Elongated cells with thicker walls, provide flexible support.
- Sclerenchyma: Dead cells with thick, rigid walls, provide mechanical support.
Vascular Tissue Components
- Xylem: Composed of non-living cells; transports water and minerals from roots to leaves.
- Phloem: Complex tissue responsible for nutrient transport throughout the plant.
Functions of Meristematic Tissue
- Differentiate into specialized structures, responsible for growth and development.
- Help in tissue formation, leading to plant structure maturity.
Summary of Major Plant Tissue Functions
- Dermal tissue: Provides a protective layer for plants.
- Ground tissue: Fulfills storage, photosynthesis, and support needs.
- Vascular tissue: Transports water and nutrients across plant systems.
Key Terms
- Meristematic Tissue: Undifferentiated cells for growth.
- Permanent Tissue: Mature cells that have established specific functions.
- Xylem and Phloem: Primary transport tissues in vascular plants.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge on the types and functions of meristematic and permanent tissues in plants. This quiz will cover key concepts related to their roles in plant growth and development. Ideal for students studying plant biology.
