Questions and Answers
What are the building blocks for living things?
What two kinds of cells are there?
Plant and animal cells
What structure do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
How are plant cells different from animal cells?
Signup and view all the answers
How are animal and plant cells alike?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the outside layer of animal cells called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a cell?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a cell wall?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of chloroplasts?
Signup and view all the answers
What is cytoplasm?
Signup and view all the answers
What defines a eukaryote?
Signup and view all the answers
What are lysosomes?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an organelle?
Signup and view all the answers
What shape are animal cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What shape are plant cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What do centrioles do?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of ribosomes?
Signup and view all the answers
What do chloroplasts capture from sunlight?
Signup and view all the answers
What does a vacuole do in plant cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What forms a barrier in animal cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the non-living material surrounding plant cells called?
Signup and view all the answers
Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.
Signup and view all the answers
What is true about all prokaryotes?
Signup and view all the answers
What defines a eukaryotic cell?
Signup and view all the answers
What organisms are classified as eukaryotes?
Signup and view all the answers
Prokaryotes have membrane-bound organelles.
Signup and view all the answers
What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have?
Signup and view all the answers
What genetic material do eukaryotes contain?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of cells include archaea and eubacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
Eukaryotes have a nucleus.
Signup and view all the answers
What DNA structure do prokaryotic cells have?
Signup and view all the answers
Prokaryotic cells are the simplest of the two cell types.
Signup and view all the answers
What type of cells includes bacteria?
Signup and view all the answers
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells concerning DNA?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Cell Basics
- Cells are the fundamental building blocks of all living organisms.
- They contain a nucleus and various organelles.
- Two main types of cells: plant cells and animal cells.
Plant Cells
- Characterized by a rigid cell wall which helps maintain structure.
- Contain chloroplasts, enabling photosynthesis for food production.
- Generally have a square shape and one large vacuole for storage.
Animal Cells
- Surrounded by a flexible cell membrane, lacking a cell wall.
- Capable of movement due to their structure.
- Typically round in shape and contain smaller vacuoles compared to plant cells.
Similarities Between Plant and Animal Cells
- Both types of cells contain a nucleus and organelles, facilitating vital cellular functions.
Cell Structures
- Cell Membrane: Outer layer of animal cells that regulates entry and exit of substances.
- Cell Wall: A sturdy layer found in plant cells, primarily composed of cellulose, providing support and shape.
- Chloroplasts: Organelles in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, containing chlorophyll.
- Cytoplasm: A gel-like substance between the cell membrane and nucleus where chemical reactions occur.
- Lysosomes: Contain digestive enzymes to break down waste.
- Vacuoles: Storage sacs for food, waste, and water; larger in plant cells than in animal cells.
Cell Types
- Eukaryote: Cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; includes protists, fungi, plants, and animals.
- Prokaryote: Simple cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; predominantly unicellular and include bacteria and archaea.
Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
- Prokaryotic cells are simpler, lack a nucleus, and have no membrane-bound organelles.
- Eukaryotic cells are more complex, with a defined nucleus and various organelles allowing specialized functions.
- Both cell types contain ribosomes and genetic material (DNA).
Genetic Material
- Prokaryotes possess a single circular strand of DNA.
- Eukaryotes have multiple straight strands of DNA contained within the nucleus.
Additional Notes
- Eukaryotic cells can be unicellular or multicellular.
- Prokaryotic organisms are the simplest cellular forms, primarily unicellular bacteria.
- Membrane-bound organelles are characteristic of eukaryotic cells, enabling compartmentalization of cellular processes.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz covers the fundamental differences and characteristics of plant and animal cells, including their structures and functions. It highlights the role of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in the biological world. Test your understanding of cell biology concepts with these flashcards!