Planning Cable Routes for Railway Telecom
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Planning Cable Routes for Railway Telecom

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Questions and Answers

Match the following cable types with their characteristics:

Quad = Used for multi-pair connections PIJF = Suitable for outdoor installation RCC = Reinforced concrete cable marker Power cable = Carries electrical power supply

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Zonal Railway = Responsible for allocation of cables Conductors = Wires that transmit electrical signals Distribution points = Locations for branching cables Route plan = Diagram showing cable alignment

Match the following actions with their purposes:

Leaving spare conductors = Allows for future expansions Walking the route = Helps determine best cable alignment Cable marking = Indicates important cable points Laying cables = Installation of telecom infrastructure

Match the following specifications with their requirements:

<p>1 meter inside Railway boundary = Cable placement distance 2 meters from nearest track = Safety distance requirement 50 meter intervals for cable markers = Installation guideline for visibility 1 meter from electrical power cable = Separation for safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following situations with the required actions:

<p>Trenches in formation area = Consult P.Way staff before digging Cables laid during monsoon = Ensure proper filling and ramming Route with no boundary markers = Advise officials to provide markers Significant cable points = Install additional markers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable characteristics with their descriptions:

<p>Codal life = Longevity of cable systems Cable joints = Connection points between cable sections Alignment bends = Curvature in cable routing Offset from structures = Distance maintained from permanent installations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable installation locations with their requirements:

<p>Emergency socket locations = Critical for emergency communication Subscriber cabling for exchange = Facilitates user connections Power cable crossings = Requires careful marking and separation Sewage mains crossings = Important for infrastructure planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following aspects with their installation considerations:

<p>Alluvial soil = Requires special care during installation Monsoon season = Heightened caution for cable laying Permanent way officials = Advised for boundary pillar placement RDSO/TCDO/COP-22(a) = Drawing reference for cable markers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following guidelines regarding cable laying with their corresponding specifications:

<p>Cable depth = At least 1 m below the surface Distance from OHE mast = At least 1 m in exceptional cases Cables in sub-station vicinity = At least 1 m away from any metallic body Cables across the track = Must be 1 m below the rail flanges</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions according to the Indian Railways Telecom Manual:

<p>OHE switching stations = Distance of at least 5 m from earthing Cable joints marking = Position indicated on the nearest OHE mast Cables parallel to track = Normally buried at a depth of 1.0 m Bending radius = Not less than 40 times the diameter of the cable</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of cables with their laying conditions:

<p>HT and LT power cables = Shall not be laid in the same trench as telecom cables OFC and quad cables = Normally laid in the same trenches Signalling cables = Maintain 100 mm distance when in same trench Concrete pipes = Used in proximity to OHE mast</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following specifications with their corresponding requirements:

<p>Cable laid along girders = Follow approved methods for specific locations Trench distance from power cables = Keep as far away as possible Cables near traction substations = Enclosed in concrete pipes for 300 m Bricks between cables = To maintain 100 mm distance at intervals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following distances with their applicable scenarios:

<p>Distance from substation earthing = At least 1 m away Distance when trench exceeds 0.5 m near OHE masts = At least 3 m away Standard distance outside station limits = 10 m from the center of track Minimum distance between cables in same trench = 100 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable laying principles with their contexts:

<p>Laying in yards = Minimum distance of 1 m from OHE mast Cables through rocky terrain = Follow approved methods for the location Cables laid alongside the track = Normally buried at a depth of 1.0 m Exceptional conditions for trench depth = Reduced to 0.5 m with certain precautions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable laying requirements with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Painting cable joints = Approved legend on nearest OHE mast Cable trench cleaning = Sufficiently wide for smooth cleaning Lay of cables in sub-stations = 1 m away from metallic bodies Cables along bridges = As per approved methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following rules regarding cable laying with their specific conditions:

<p>Cables in same trench = Use bricks to maintain distance at intervals Cables under culverts = Follow approved methods for the location Cable installation radius = Minimum of 40 times the diameter of the cable OHE structure earthing = Cables laid at least 1 m away</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following safety distances with the appropriate scenarios:

<p>From catenary structure = Minimum 1 m distance With respect to any sub-station structure = Minimum 1 m distance Position marking on OHE mast = For cable joints From the nearest track's center = Standard distance of 10 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of cable interactions to their rules:

<p>Telecommunication and power cables = Shall not be in the same trench Cables laid along the track = Normally at a depth of 1.0 m Cables within 0.5 m trench = Maintain 1 m distance from structures Laying conditions for cables = Avoid sharp bends during installation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable laying guidelines with their appropriate requirements:

<p>1 meter = Separation from the nearest electrical power cable 2 meters = Distance from the nearest track 50 meters = Interval for cable markers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions with their related considerations in cable laying:

<p>Choose convenient distribution points = For subscriber cabling for exchange Marking cable routes = To indicate important points like cable joints Consult P.Way staff = Before making trenches in/near track formation Ensure proper filling and ramming = After laying cables the same day before sunset</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding explanations:

<p>BPAC = Basic Passenger Amenities Committee IBS = Integrated Bridge System Quad cable = Type of cable used for communication RCC route marker = Marker used to indicate cable locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following factors with their implications in cable installation:

<p>Codal life = High durability of cables necessitating spare conductors Alluvial soil = Requires special care during installation Route plan = Shows alignment and important crossing details Emergency socket locations = Necessary for emergency communications</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following measurements with their cable laying contexts:

<p>25% = Percentage of spare conductors recommended 50 m = Nominal interval for cable markers 2 m = Minimum distance from the nearest track 1 m = Separation distance from electrical power cable</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of markers with their specific purposes:

<p>Cable markers = Indicate the route of the cable RCC route marker = Indicate cable locations with specific drawings Additional markers = Highlight important crossing points Road and track crossings = Differentiate critical alignment incidences</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following approved actions with their best practices:

<p>Trench filling = To be done the same day before sunset Boundary pillars = To be referred for cable laying Route planning = Should involve walking along the track Cable laying during monsoon = Requires additional precautions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable characteristics with their installation requirements:

<p>Cables carrying 5 pairs = Leave 25% conductors spare Power cables crossings = Marked on route plan Emergency communication cables = Ensure socket locations are chosen Alignment bends = To be indicated with additional markers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable laying methods with their corresponding requirements:

<p>Cables near OHE masts = Minimum distance of 3m from the nearest edge of the cable trench Cables near traction sub-stations = Minimum distance of 1m from metallic bodies fixed in the ground Cables laid in concrete pipes = Distance specification can be reduced to 0.5m Cables in same trench as signaling = Maintain a distance of 100mm via bricks</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following situations with their laying conditions:

<p>Laying cables across the track = Must be buried 1m below the rail flanges Laying cables along girder bridges = Shall be laid as per approved methods Cables near OHE switching stations = Must be at least 1m away from any metallic body HT and LT power cables = Shall not be laid in the same trench</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following depths and distances with their applicable contexts:

<p>Cable trench depth exceeding 0.5m near OHE masts = At least 3m away from nearest edge Cable laid beneath ground = At least 1m below the surface Standard distance outside station limits = 10m from the center of the nearest track Cables laid in rocky terrain = Follow approved methods for location</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable configurations with their requirements:

<p>OFC and quad cables = Normally laid in the same trenches Cables near the sub-station earthing = Must be at least 5m away Cables near switching stations = Can reduce distance to 1m when laid in concrete piles Cable bending radius for armour = Must be 40 times the diameter of the cable</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable installation principles with their specifications:

<p>Marking of cable joints = Should be indicated on nearest OHE mast Distance between cables in same trench = Maintained by placing bricks at intervals of 2m Cable laying in concrete pipes = Required for distance reduction close to OHE masts Cable laid in yards = Minimum distance of 1m from OHE mast</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following distance requirements with their contexts:

<p>Cables laid near earthing systems = Must be 1m away from sub-station earthing Cables near traction sub-stations = Must be laid at least 1m away from fixed metallic body Cables running parallel to the track = Normally buried at depth of 1m Cables laid in the vicinity of OHE structures = Must be 1m away from the independent earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following distance specifications with their conditions:

<p>Cables laid near other electrical installations = Maintain 1m distance from any earthing system Cable laying in yards under exceptional conditions = Minimum distance to OHE mast is 1m Cable laid in same trench as power cables = Shall not be laid in the same trench Cables needing special handling = Should not be subjected to sharp bends during laying</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following guidelines with their implementation scenarios:

<p>Trench width = Should ensure smooth cleaning and laying Concrete pipes for cable laying = Required near OHE masts for distance compliance Normal burying depth for telecommunication cables = 1m depth standard for trench Use of containers between cables = Bricks placed at intervals of 2m to maintain distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cable types with their laying instructions:

<p>Quad cables = Normally laid in same trenches as OFC HT power cables = Must not be laid in the same trench as telecom cables Communication cables = Must maintain specified distances from power systems Signalling cables = Must keep 100mm distance when laid in same trench</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following distances with their corresponding requirements:

<p>Distance from OHE mast at 0.5m depth = Minimum 1m distance required Distance from traction sub-stations = Minimum 1m from any metallic body in ground Distance from station earthing when reduced = Can be reduced to 1m if laid in concrete pipes Distance from nearest track when laying cable = Generally at 10m outside station limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Planning Cable Routes

  • Cable Type & Conductor Size: Determine the type and size of required cable based on circuit needs; railway may allocate quad cables, including BPAC and IBS.
  • Spare Conductors: Leave at least 25% spare conductors for future expansion in cables carrying 5+ pairs.
  • Route Decision: Walk the track and decide on the best alignment for the route.
  • Route Plan: Create a detailed plan showing the track alignment, offsets, crossings (road, track, power cables, water/sewage), and other important points. Use existing cable routes as a reference.
  • Distribution Points: Select convenient points for cable distribution (e.g., main to smaller subscriber cables in case of exchange).
  • Telecom Cable Placement: Lay telecom cables within 1 meter of the railway boundary, referenced by boundary pillars. Ensure a minimum 2m distance from tracks and embankments. Trenches near tracks require consultation with P.Way staff and must be filled the same day before sunset.
  • Cable Markers: Provide markers every 50 meters along the route. Use additional markers for joints, crossings, bends/curves, and other important points.
  • Cable Depth: - Lay cables at least 1 meter below ground level; ensure sufficient trench width for cleaning.
  • Yard & Limited Depth: Maintain a minimum 1-meter distance between cables and OHE masts or other structures. Alternatively, use concrete pipes and reduce this to 0.5m.
  • OHE Mast Depth: If cable trench exceeds 0.5m near OHE masts, ensure a 3m distance between the trench edge and the mast.
  • Cable Joint Marking: Mark cable joint locations on nearby OHE masts using an approved legend.
  • Substation & Switching Station Vicinity:
    • Substations: Maintain 1m distance from substation metallic bodies, 1m from earthings. Lay in concrete pipes or brick channels for 300m on both sides. Aim for the opposite side of the track from the substation.
    • Switching Stations: 1m from metallic bodies, 5m from earthings. This distance can be reduced to 1m if cables are laid in concrete piles.
    • Independent Earth: 1m distance from any independent OHE structure earthing.
  • Standard Distance: Outside station limits, lay cables at a standard 10m distance from the center of the nearest track.
  • Signalling & Telecom Cables in Trenches: Maintain a 100mm distance with bricks placed every 2 meters.
  • Power Cable Separation: HT and LT power cables and telecommunication cables must not be laid in the same trench.
  • Cable Depth relative to Track: Lay cables parallel to the track at 1m depth. Cables crossing the track must be 1m below rail flanges.
  • Trench Separation: Keep the telecommunication cable trench as far away as possible from power cable trenches.
  • Special Laying Locations: Lay cables over girder bridges, culverts, rocky terrain etc., using approved methods for each location.
  • Bending Radius: Avoid sharp bends. The bending radius should be at least 40 times the cable diameter for aluminum sheathed armoured cables.
  • OFC & Quad Cables: Lay OFC and quad cables in the same trench.

Cable Planning

  • When planning cable routes, the type and number of conductors needed should be determined first, depending on the desired circuit type.
  • The route plan should clearly show the cable alignment, including offsets from the permanent way or structures, and should indicate crossings with other utilities, roads, and tracks.
  • The chosen route should be charted on a plan with existing routes for easy reference.
  • Convenient points for distribution should be selected for main and smaller distribution cables, depending on the application (exchange, emergency communication etc.).
  • Telecommunication cables should be laid within one meter of the railway boundary, at least 2 meters away from the nearest track, and beyond the embankment.
  • Trenches should be dug at least 1 meter away from the nearest electrical power cable.
  • Cable markers should be provided at intervals of 50 meters, with additional markers indicating important points like cable joints, crossings, bends, utility lines, and alignment curves.
  • Cable joints should be marked on the nearest overhead electrification (OHE) mast with an approved legend.
  • Cables must be laid at least 1 meter below the ground surface.
  • In yards or when the depth of the cable trench is limited to 0.5 meters due to local conditions, a minimum distance of one meter should be maintained between the cable and OHE masts or any other structures that could come into contact with high-tension conductors.
  • When laying near OHE masts, the nearest edge of the cable trench should be at least 3 meters away from the OHE mast.
  • When laying cables near traction substations, the cables should be laid at least 1 meter away from any metallic body of the substation that is fixed in the ground and at least 1 meter away from the substation earthing. The cables should be laid in concrete pipes or brick channels for a length 300 m on either side of the substation. If possible, lay cables on the side of the track opposite the substation.
  • When laying cables near OHE switching stations, the cables should be laid at least 1 meter away from any metallic body of the station that is fixed in the ground and at least 5 meters away from the station earthing. This distance can be reduced to 1 meter if the cables are laid in concrete piles.
  • When independent earth is provided for an OHE structure, the cables should be laid at least 1 meter away from such earthing.
  • Outside of station limits, cables should be laid at a standard distance of 10 meters from the center of the track.
  • When laying signalling and telecommunication cables in the same trench, a distance of about 100 mm should be maintained between them, using bricks at intervals of 2 meters.
  • HT and LT power cables and telecommunications cables should not be laid in the same trench.
  • Cables parallel to the track should be buried at a depth of 1 meter, while those laid across the track must be laid one meter below the rail flanges.
  • The trenches for telecommunication cables should be kept as far away as possible from the trenches for power cables.
  • When laying cables along girder bridges, over culverts, through culverts, or over rocky terrain, special approved methods for each location should be followed.
  • Cables should not be subjected to sharp bends. The bending radius should not be less than 40 times the diameter of the cable in case of aluminium sheathed armoured cables.
  • Optical fiber cables (OFC) and quad cables are generally laid in the same trenches.

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This quiz covers essential aspects of planning cable routes for railway telecom systems. Topics include selecting cable types, determining conductor sizes, and establishing route plans with detailed considerations for distribution points and safety measures. Ensure you understand the critical guidelines for layout and placement.

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