Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the relationship between weathering and erosion?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between weathering and erosion?
- Weathering is the transport of broken-down materials, while erosion is the process of breaking down materials.
- Weathering breaks down materials *in situ*, while erosion involves the transport of those materials. (correct)
- Weathering and erosion are the same process, both involving the breakdown and transport of materials.
- Erosion breaks down materials *in situ*, while weathering involves the transport of those materials.
During a volcanic eruption, which of these processes occurs FIRST?
During a volcanic eruption, which of these processes occurs FIRST?
- Pyroclastic flow
- Lava flow
- Ash cloud formation
- Magma rising to the surface (correct)
What makes the Mohs scale useful?
What makes the Mohs scale useful?
- It identifies mineral composition using spectral analysis.
- It measures a mineral's resistance to scratching. (correct)
- It measures a mineral's exact hardness on an interval scale.
- It determines mineral density.
Which of the following provides the most direct evidence about the Earth's interior composition?
Which of the following provides the most direct evidence about the Earth's interior composition?
Which characteristic is most helpful in distinguishing a mineral from a rock?
Which characteristic is most helpful in distinguishing a mineral from a rock?
What is the primary force driving the movement of tectonic plates?
What is the primary force driving the movement of tectonic plates?
What observation initially led Alfred Wegener to propose the theory of continental drift?
What observation initially led Alfred Wegener to propose the theory of continental drift?
Which type of plate boundary is most commonly associated with the formation of mountain ranges?
Which type of plate boundary is most commonly associated with the formation of mountain ranges?
What mechanism explains the presence of fossilized corals at high altitudes in the Canadian Rockies?
What mechanism explains the presence of fossilized corals at high altitudes in the Canadian Rockies?
Which of the following processes is most directly responsible for the creation of sedimentary rocks?
Which of the following processes is most directly responsible for the creation of sedimentary rocks?
Flashcards
What are the Earth's layers?
What are the Earth's layers?
Crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Each layer has different compositions and physical properties.
How are Earthquakes Measured?
How are Earthquakes Measured?
Earthquakes are measured using seismographs, which record the intensity and duration of seismic waves.
Weathering vs. Erosion
Weathering vs. Erosion
Weathering breaks down rocks, erosion moves them away via wind/water/ice. Weathering prepares, erosion transports.
Sedimentation vs. Deposition
Sedimentation vs. Deposition
Sedimentation is the settling of eroded material, deposition is where sediment accumulates. Sedimentation precedes deposition.
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How Glaciers Erode Landscapes
How Glaciers Erode Landscapes
Glaciers erode via abrasion and plucking, depositing sediment as they melt, forming features like moraines and U-shaped valleys.
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Rocks vs. Minerals
Rocks vs. Minerals
Rocks are aggregates of minerals; minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic solids with a defined chemical composition and crystal structure.
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Continental Drift Theory
Continental Drift Theory
Continental drift theory states that continents have moved over time. Alfred Wegener's evidence included matching fossils, rock formations, and paleoclimate data across continents.
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Theory of Plate Tectonics
Theory of Plate Tectonics
Plate tectonics explains Earth's lithosphere as divided into plates that move, causing earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building. Evidence includes seafloor spreading, magnetic striping, and GPS measurements.
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Formation of Canadian Rockies
Formation of Canadian Rockies
Canadian Rockies formed through thrust faulting due to plate tectonic forces; fossilized corals are found high up because the rocks containing them were uplifted from ancient seabeds.
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- Planet Earth Unit Study Guide
Changes to Earth's Surface (p.362)
- Describe the layers of the Earth and describe each of them.
- Explain how can we know what is inside the Earth if we have not seen it.
- Identify what causes earthquakes and how they are measured.
- Describe the steps of a volcanic eruption.
- Describe weathering, the different types, and give examples of each.
- Describe the difference between sedimentation and deposition.
- Describe different ways erosion can be slowed down.
- Explain how glaciers can erode landscapes and deposit sediment.
Rocks and Minerals (p.368)
- Describe the difference between rocks and minerals.
- List and describe the properties of minerals.
- Describe how Moh's scale of Hardness works.
- Identify the characteristics of the different types of rocks including sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.
- Note the appearance.
- Note how they're made.
- Note what they tell us about the Earth.
- Explain the rock cycle.
Landforms Provide Evidence of Change (p.392)
- Describe the theory of continental drift, including the evidence Alfred Wegener used and why other scientists rejected it.
- Describe the theory of plate tectonics, including the evidence that helped scientists develop it.
- Explain the types of boundaries, including how they move and what to expect to find at those boundaries.
- Explain how the Canadian Rockies formed and why we can find fossilized corals high up in the mountains.
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