Planet Earth Composition: Lithosphere/Geosphere Quiz

Earth's Atmosphere

• Earth's atmosphere is a layer of gases that surrounds the planet, providing warmth, oxygen, and facilitating weather.
• The atmosphere was formed from gases emitted by volcanoes.
• The atmosphere consists of five layers: Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere.

Troposphere

• Extends 20 km from the Earth's crust.
• Temperature decreases with altitude.

Stratosphere

• Contains ozone, which absorbs ultra-violet light, protecting the Earth.
• Temperature increases with altitude.

Mesosphere

• Contains no water vapor, clouds, or dust particles.
• Temperature decreases with altitude.

Thermosphere

• Contains atomic oxygen, which absorbs ultra-violet light, protecting the Earth.
• Temperature increases with altitude, exceeding 1500°C.

Exosphere

• The outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere, considered part of outer space.
• No upper limit to the Exosphere.

Hydrosphere

• The total amount of water on a planet, including surface, underground, and atmospheric water.
• Can exist as liquid, vapor, or ice.
• On Earth, liquid water exists in oceans, lakes, and rivers.

Rocks

• A natural substance composed of solid crystals of different minerals fused together.
• Studied by geologists.
• Rocks and minerals are abundant in our daily lives.