Placental Anomalies in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of a bilobate placenta?

  • It is made of two unequal parts connected by membranes (correct)
  • The cord is inserted in the membranes outside the placental margin
  • It has a retained accessory lobe in the uterus after delivery
  • It has a white ring of decidua around the edge of the placenta on its fetal surface

What complication is associated with a circumvallate placenta?

  • Retained accessory lobe in the uterus (correct)
  • Preterm labor
  • Intrauterine growth restriction
  • Fetal distress

What are the complications associated with a marginal (battledore) placenta?

  • Umbilical cord inserted in the membranes outside the placental margin
  • Preterm labor
  • Intrauterine growth restriction (correct)
  • Fetal distress

What is the defining characteristic of velamentous insertion of cord?

<p>The cord is inserted in the membranes outside the placental margin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the complication associated with a retained accessory lobe in the uterus after delivery?

<p>Puerperal sepsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for umbilical vessels passing through the membranes to reach the placenta?

<p>Velamentous insertion of cord (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes butterfly pigmentation of the face during pregnancy?

<p>Increased melanocyte stimulating hormone and estrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of linea alba becoming linea nigra during pregnancy?

<p>Increased melanocyte stimulating hormone and estrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes striae gravidarum during pregnancy?

<p>Rupture of elastic fibers in subcutaneous tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Montgomery tubercles on the areola?

<p>Rudimentary lactiferous ducts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Leopold manoeuvre 1, the fundal grip?

<p>To detect presentation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an incomplete abortion?

<p>(Non-viable 8 weeks gestation fetus) with open cervix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done in case of cervical insufficiency?

<p>Progesterone administration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of abdominal wall stretching during pregnancy?

<p>Rupture of elastic fibers in subcutaneous tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done in case of ectopic pregnancy?

<p>Evacuation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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