Unit 3: 4 Bites and Stings Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of insect bite or sting should prompt immediate emergency department referral or physician consultation?

  • Bee stings
  • Black widow spider bites (correct)
  • Mosquito bites
  • Centipede bites

    • What is the significance of insects mentioned in the text?

  • They do not transmit infectious pathogens
  • They are harmless and do not bite or sting
  • They can cause hypersensitivity reactions (correct)
  • They only cause local reactions

    • Which of the following insects inject venom with a stinger?

  • Flies
  • Mosquitoes
  • Ants (correct)
  • Centipedes

    • What is a possible consequence of some insect bites and stings despite being mostly a nuisance?

    <p>Systemic reactions in some patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mediator released from mast cells during a sting reaction?

    <p>Thrombocytopenia-inducing factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the initial manifestations of a systemic reaction to an insect sting?

    <p>Itchy eyes, facial flushing, generalized urticaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insect's sting can progress to sterile pustules within 6-24 hours?

    <p>Fire ants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical clinical presentation of bedbug or kissing bug bites?

    <p>Clustered, erythematous, pruritic nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do fleas typically deposit saliva during a bite?

    <p>Deposit saliva in bite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insect causes pain and itching with local necrosis due to its venom?

    <p>Centipedes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment recommendation for adults with systemic allergic reactions post-insect sting?

    <p>Venom immunotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is anaphylaxis generally treated in adults experiencing systemic reactions from insect stings?

    <p>Intramuscular or subcutaneous epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dose of antihistamines for itching due to insect bites in children?

    <p>0.01 mg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can lice infestation be eradicated according to the text?

    <p>By using lindane shampoo on dry hair for 4 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested for effective removal of ticks according to the text?

    <p>Using angled forceps or a tick-removal instrument</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the reasons why bedbugs have spread globally?

    <p>Increasing global travel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are travelers advised to thoroughly check for bedbugs in mattresses and luggage according to the text?

    <p>To reduce the spread of bedbugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insect requires eradication by vacuuming thoroughly, treating pets, washing rugs and beds, and using insecticide?

    <p>Fleas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for long-standing or crusted scabies infestation treatment in the text?

    <p>Oral Ivermectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a tick be removed to potentially prevent Lyme disease infection according to the text?

    <p>36</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is advised for those with a history of anaphylaxis from wasp or bee stings according to the text?

    <p>Carrying an epinephrine injector kit and wearing medical warning tags</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary if a systemic reaction or anaphylactic reaction occurs due to insect bites or stings?

    <p>Referral to the emergency department for definitive management including epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a preventive measure mentioned in the text against bites and stings?

    <p>Regular use of DEET repellent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is antibiotic prophylaxis indicated according to the text?

    <p>When Lyme disease is endemic or tick feeding time is not known</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most venomous spider in the world?

    <p>Black widow spider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spider has a violin-shaped marking on its back?

    <p>Brown recluse spider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of a brown recluse spider bite?

    <p>Mild, erythematous lesion that heals over several days to weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are black widow spiders commonly found in the United States?

    <p>South and West</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spider's bite is almost painless and can cause necrosis within days?

    <p>Brown recluse spider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of brown recluse spider venom on the body?

    <p>Endothelial injury and thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spider has urticating hairs that can lead to stinging and anaphylaxis?

    <p>Tarantula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common locations where brown recluse spiders are found?

    <p>Garages and abandoned buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spider species has a marking resembling an orange-red, hourglass shape?

    <p>Black widow spider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size comparison between male and female black widow spiders?

    <p>Male is much smaller than female</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common early symptom of a black widow spider bite?

    <p>Mild to moderate pain followed by muscle cramps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which complication can arise from a black widow spider bite in small children or individuals with cardiovascular disease?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a pit viper snake?

    <p>Gila monster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of venomous snakebites result in no envenomation?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reptile has venom as toxic as a rattlesnake but requires a prolonged bite for envenomation?

    <p>Gila monster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical finding is typically seen in bites with no envenomation?

    <p>Puncture wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT influence the clinical presentation of envenomated patients?

    <p>Type of venom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common initial presentation of coral snake bites?

    <p>Neurologic symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which venomous reptile causes mainly local pain and swelling with occasional systemic reactions?

    <p>Gila monster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary type of venom in scorpions?

    <p>Neurotoxic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes venomous rattlesnakes from nonvenomous ones?

    <p>Presence of fangs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of damage does pit viper venom primarily cause?

    <p>Systemic vascular damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which non-venomous reptile mentioned has to be forcibly removed after biting?

    <p>Gila monster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do coral snake bites usually appear initially?

    <p>Scratch marks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of capturing and bringing the actual spider for identification in cases of suspected spider bites?

    <p>To determine the species of spider responsible for the bite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory tests are specifically recommended in cases of suspected brown recluse spider bites?

    <p>Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initial therapy is typically recommended for black widow spider bites?

    <p>Pain relief medications as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what circumstances is antivenom therapy indicated for black widow spider bites?

    <p>For confirmed severe bites due to risk of anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to consider all causes of acute abdomen in the differential diagnosis when presented with unusual abdominal pain?

    <p>Acute abdomen may mimic symptoms of spider envenomation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended type of care for wolf spider bites, such as those from tarantulas?

    <p>Supportive care equivalent to a wasp sting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines whether an individual should receive antivenom therapy for black widow spider bites?

    <p>Confirmation of a severe bite and no previous exposure to horse serum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $Which$ laboratory test may be indicated for suspected black widow spider bites even though no specific tests are recommended?

    <p>$CBC$ and $urinalysis$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic differentiates brown recluse from black widow spider bites in terms of laboratory tests?

    <p>Black widow bite diagnosis may involve abnormal coagulation profiles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is tetanus prophylaxis recommended as part of initial care for both brown recluse and black widow spider bites?

    <p>To protect against tetanus infection from contaminated wounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What autonomic nervous system symptoms may occur as a result of a venomous bite or sting?

    <p>Tachycardia and excessive secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it discouraged for patients to bring the actual snake to the healthcare facility for identification?

    <p>Snakes can reflexively bite immediately after death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What laboratory study is NOT commonly needed when evaluating a patient with a venomous bite or sting?

    <p>Lactate dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended first aid measure for snakebite victims before reaching a healthcare facility?

    <p>Minimizing physical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be observed for a minimum of 12 hours following bites or stings, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Clinical symptoms assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of snakebite requires antivenom as part of the main therapy?

    <p>Severe venomous snakebites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which months do most snake bites typically occur according to the text?

    <p>April to October</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between non-Africanized bees and Africanized bees in terms of stinging behavior?

    <p>Non-Africanized bees sting only once, while Africanized bees can sting multiple times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of stinging injuries, what is the significance of delayed serum sickness?

    <p>It can occur up to 10 days after being stung.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended first-line treatment for a person experiencing a severe allergic reaction to a bee sting?

    <p>Epinephrine injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is prophylaxis with an EpiPen recommended for individuals experiencing stinging injuries?

    <p>To prevent anaphylactic reactions in case of future stings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended first-line treatment for pruritus following an insect sting, as suggested in the text?

    <p>Immediate application of ice to the sting area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measure is suggested in the text for preventing insect stings?

    <p>Applying approved chemicals on lawns to keep ants away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if severe systemic allergic reactions are suspected after an insect sting, based on the information provided?

    <p>Transfer to the Emergency Department (ED)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the treatment approach for insect stings according to the text?

    <p>Antihistamines can be used prophylactically</p> Signup and view all the answers

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