Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of balance is specifically used for the preparation of primary standards?
Which type of balance is specifically used for the preparation of primary standards?
An electronic balance can provide measurements that are less precise than a mechanical balance.
An electronic balance can provide measurements that are less precise than a mechanical balance.
False
What is the primary purpose of a centrifuge in the laboratory?
What is the primary purpose of a centrifuge in the laboratory?
To separate phases of different mass and densities using centrifugal force.
The ______ measures the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
The ______ measures the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
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Match the following laboratory instruments with their primary uses:
Match the following laboratory instruments with their primary uses:
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What feature allows the analytic balance to protect its measurements?
What feature allows the analytic balance to protect its measurements?
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Most chemistry laboratories have shifted to __________ prepared reagents instead of preparing them from scratch.
Most chemistry laboratories have shifted to __________ prepared reagents instead of preparing them from scratch.
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Laboratory refrigerators do not typically require thermometers.
Laboratory refrigerators do not typically require thermometers.
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What is the primary purpose of Type I reagent water?
What is the primary purpose of Type I reagent water?
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Technical or commercial grade chemicals are suitable for clinical laboratory reagent preparation.
Technical or commercial grade chemicals are suitable for clinical laboratory reagent preparation.
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What is a primary standard?
What is a primary standard?
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Buffers are weak acids or bases and their related salts that minimize changes in the ______ ion concentration.
Buffers are weak acids or bases and their related salts that minimize changes in the ______ ion concentration.
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Match the types of reagent water with their primary usage:
Match the types of reagent water with their primary usage:
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Pasteur pipets have a reusable suction top and a disposable glass bottom.
Pasteur pipets have a reusable suction top and a disposable glass bottom.
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What is a capillary pipet primarily made of?
What is a capillary pipet primarily made of?
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The surface of the liquid in a pipette creates a __________, which is observed as the curvature of the liquid surface.
The surface of the liquid in a pipette creates a __________, which is observed as the curvature of the liquid surface.
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What is the purpose of the calibration mark on a pipet?
What is the purpose of the calibration mark on a pipet?
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When using a pipette, how should the delivery tip be positioned during drainage?
When using a pipette, how should the delivery tip be positioned during drainage?
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Match the following types of pipets with their characteristics:
Match the following types of pipets with their characteristics:
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You should completely remove your index finger from the suction opening to allow free drainage from the pipette.
You should completely remove your index finger from the suction opening to allow free drainage from the pipette.
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What should be done to the pipette tip before transferring liquid to another vessel?
What should be done to the pipette tip before transferring liquid to another vessel?
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A Volumetric pipette is designed to measure only one specific volume of liquid.
A Volumetric pipette is designed to measure only one specific volume of liquid.
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What is the primary purpose of a micropipette?
What is the primary purpose of a micropipette?
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What type of pipette is known as 'to deliver' and requires that the remaining liquid at the tip must be expelled?
What type of pipette is known as 'to deliver' and requires that the remaining liquid at the tip must be expelled?
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The __________ pipette has a calibration line that is located before the tip, allowing for the measurement of liquids without a blowout.
The __________ pipette has a calibration line that is located before the tip, allowing for the measurement of liquids without a blowout.
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Match each pipette type with its characteristic:
Match each pipette type with its characteristic:
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Which type of pipette is used for measuring viscous solutions such as whole blood?
Which type of pipette is used for measuring viscous solutions such as whole blood?
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Micropipettes are always designed as 'to contain' (TC) pipettes.
Micropipettes are always designed as 'to contain' (TC) pipettes.
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Describe the main drainage characteristic of a self-draining pipette.
Describe the main drainage characteristic of a self-draining pipette.
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What is the primary advantage of semiautomated pipettes compared to traditional pipetting methods?
What is the primary advantage of semiautomated pipettes compared to traditional pipetting methods?
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Plastic tips used in semiautomated pipettes are not autoclavable.
Plastic tips used in semiautomated pipettes are not autoclavable.
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What step follows attaching the proper tip to the pipettor when using a semiautomated micropipettor?
What step follows attaching the proper tip to the pipettor when using a semiautomated micropipettor?
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The high purity chemicals used often in the preparation of reagents are known as ______ grade.
The high purity chemicals used often in the preparation of reagents are known as ______ grade.
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Match the following reagent grades with their descriptions:
Match the following reagent grades with their descriptions:
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Which of the following types of pipets can be used for multichannel pipetting?
Which of the following types of pipets can be used for multichannel pipetting?
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Semiautomated micropipettors always require tips to be wiped before dispensing liquid.
Semiautomated micropipettors always require tips to be wiped before dispensing liquid.
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The disposal of used tips in semiautomated pipetting helps minimize ______ exposure.
The disposal of used tips in semiautomated pipetting helps minimize ______ exposure.
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Study Notes
Pipette Types and Functions
- TD pipette dispenses the indicated volume.
- Pipette types include Transfer (Volumetric, Ostwald-folin, Pasteur, automatic macropipettes, micropipettes) and Measuring/Graduated (Serologic, Mohr, Bacteriologic, Ball, Kolmer, Kahn, Micropipette).
- Blowout pipettes have etched rings indicating the remaining liquid must be expelled.
- Self-draining pipettes allow liquid to drain by gravity while maintaining contact with the receiving vessel.
Serological and Mohr Pipettes
- Serological pipet acts as a TD/blowout pipet, calibrated to the tip.
- Mohr pipet is a TD/"no blowout" pipet; its end-calibration line is before the tip.
- Volumetric pipets measure a single volume, are TD/"no blowout," and are more accurate than serological pipets.
- Ostwald-Folin pipet is a TD/blowout pipet for viscous solutions, less commonly used today.
Micropipettes
- Micropipettes measure small volumes (less than 1 mL) and are typically TC pipets.
- Unopette is a self-filling micropipette used in hematology.
- Capillary pipets are disposable TC micropipettes made from capillary tubing.
Pasteur and Disposable Transfer Pipets
- Pasteur pipets are reusable with a disposable glass bottom; disposable pipets are plastic.
- Mechanical pipetting involves checking size, holding correctly, and using a bulb to draw liquid.
Manual Pipetting Steps
- Use suction to fill the pipet above calibration mark, cover the opening with a finger.
- Wipe excess fluid away, touch the tip to the receiving vessel, and allow gravity drainage to the calibration mark.
- Complete drainage may require touching the tip to different areas of the receiving vessel.
Laboratory Equipment Essentials
- A laboratory balance ensures accurate reagent preparation and is fundamental for experiments.
- Analytic balances measure from 0.01 mg to 160 g; electronic balances provide rapid and precise measurements.
- pH meters express acidity or alkalinity, with values displayed digitally or on scales.
Centrifuges
- Centrifuges separate phases based on mass and density, composed of a head or rotor and enclosed within a metal cover.
Semiautomated Pipettes
- Semiautomated pipettes enhance convenience, using plastic tips that reduce contamination risks.
- Tips are disposable or autoclavable and can be single or multichannels, operated by a trigger or plunger.
Reagents and Chemical Types
- Reagents facilitate chemical reactions; they can come in ready-to-use forms or kits.
- Analytic reagent (AR) grade chemicals boast high purity, while ultrapure grade serves specialized procedures.
- Chemically Pure (CP) grade lacks precise impurity limits; USP and NF grades are intended for health safety, not purity.
Reference and Reagent Water
- Primary standards are highly purified chemicals with known concentration; certified by NIST.
- Type I reagent water is extremely pure, used immediately and not to be stored; critical for various analytical techniques.
- Type II reagent water serves qualitative procedures; Type III is suitable for basic laboratory tests like urinalysis.
Buffers
- Buffers are weak acids or bases that stabilize hydrogen ion concentration, minimizing pH changes during reactions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various types of pipettes, including volumetric and graduated options. This quiz covers the characteristics and uses of different pipettes such as Ostwald-Folin, Pasteur, and automatic micropipettes. Perfect for anyone studying laboratory techniques.
