Pipettes and Their Types Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of balance is specifically used for the preparation of primary standards?

  • Spring balance
  • Electronic balance
  • Analytic balance (correct)
  • Mechanical balance

An electronic balance can provide measurements that are less precise than a mechanical balance.

False (B)

What is the primary purpose of a centrifuge in the laboratory?

To separate phases of different mass and densities using centrifugal force.

The ______ measures the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

<p>pH meter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following laboratory instruments with their primary uses:

<p>Analytic balance = Preparation of primary standards pH meter = Measuring acidity or alkalinity Centrifuge = Separating substances based on density Thermometer = Monitoring temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature allows the analytic balance to protect its measurements?

<p>Transparent sliding door (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most chemistry laboratories have shifted to __________ prepared reagents instead of preparing them from scratch.

<p>commercially</p> Signup and view all the answers

Laboratory refrigerators do not typically require thermometers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Type I reagent water?

<p>Used for procedures requiring maximum purity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Technical or commercial grade chemicals are suitable for clinical laboratory reagent preparation.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary standard?

<p>A highly purified chemical that can be measured directly to produce a substance of exact known concentration of purity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Buffers are weak acids or bases and their related salts that minimize changes in the ______ ion concentration.

<p>hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of reagent water with their primary usage:

<p>Type I = Maximum purity for critical procedures Type II = Qualitative chemistry procedures and hematology Type III = General urinalysis tests and washing glassware</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pasteur pipets have a reusable suction top and a disposable glass bottom.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a capillary pipet primarily made of?

<p>Capillary tubing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The surface of the liquid in a pipette creates a __________, which is observed as the curvature of the liquid surface.

<p>meniscus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the calibration mark on a pipet?

<p>To indicate the specified volume to be measured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When using a pipette, how should the delivery tip be positioned during drainage?

<p>Held vertically against the inside of the vessel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of pipets with their characteristics:

<p>Capillary pipets = Disposable, calibrated for specific volumes Pasteur pipets = Reusable suction top with disposable glass bottom Disposable transfer pipets = Plastic construction, single-use Manual pipets = Require manual control for liquid transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

You should completely remove your index finger from the suction opening to allow free drainage from the pipette.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the pipette tip before transferring liquid to another vessel?

<p>Wipe the outside of the pipette dry with gauze or tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Volumetric pipette is designed to measure only one specific volume of liquid.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a micropipette?

<p>To measure small volumes of liquid, less than 1 mL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pipette is known as 'to deliver' and requires that the remaining liquid at the tip must be expelled?

<p>Serological pipette (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ pipette has a calibration line that is located before the tip, allowing for the measurement of liquids without a blowout.

<p>Mohr</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each pipette type with its characteristic:

<p>Serological = To deliver (TD)/blowout pipette Volumetric = To contain (TC)/no blowout pipette Ostwald-Folin = TD/blowout pipette used for viscous solutions Micropipette = Measures less than 1 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pipette is used for measuring viscous solutions such as whole blood?

<p>Ostwald-Folin pipette (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Micropipettes are always designed as 'to contain' (TC) pipettes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the main drainage characteristic of a self-draining pipette.

<p>Fluid drains by gravity, requiring contact with the receiving container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of semiautomated pipettes compared to traditional pipetting methods?

<p>They require no pipetting bulb. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plastic tips used in semiautomated pipettes are not autoclavable.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What step follows attaching the proper tip to the pipettor when using a semiautomated micropipettor?

<p>Set the delivery volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The high purity chemicals used often in the preparation of reagents are known as ______ grade.

<p>Analytic reagent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reagent grades with their descriptions:

<p>Analytic Reagent (AR) = High purity for reagent preparation Ultrapure grade = Used in chromatography and other specific procedures Chemically Pure (CP) = Impurity limitations not stated USP and NF grade = Generally less pure, not injurious to health</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of pipets can be used for multichannel pipetting?

<p>Semiautomated pipets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Semiautomated micropipettors always require tips to be wiped before dispensing liquid.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The disposal of used tips in semiautomated pipetting helps minimize ______ exposure.

<p>biohazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

TD Pipette

A pipette that dispenses the exact volume indicated on the pipette. The volume is measured to the tip of the pipette.

Transfer Pipettes

Pipettes designed for transferring specific volumes, often used for precise measurements.

Volumetric Pipette

A type of transfer pipette, used for transferring a specific volume of liquid. It is a single-volume pipette that is accurate.

Serological Pipette

Another type of transfer pipette, used for measuring a volume of liquid but is less accurate than a volumetric pipette.

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Blowout Pipette

A pipette with an etched ring indicating the remaining liquid must be blown out to dispense the exact volume.

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Self-Draining Pipette

A pipette that allows liquid to drain by gravity while maintaining contact with the receiving vessel. No need to blow out residual liquid.

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Mohr Pipette

A type of transfer pipette calibrated up to the tip. It is a TD/blowout pipette, meaning that all liquid must be blown out.

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Ostwald-Folin Pipette

A type of transfer pipette specifically designed for measuring viscous solutions. It is a TD/blowout pipette, meaning that all liquid must be blown out.

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Micropipette

A type of pipette designed for measuring small volumes (less than 1 mL). They are typically TC pipettes, calibrated 'To Contain' a specific volume.

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Unopette

A self-filling micropipette used in hematology for transferring blood samples and other biological fluids.

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Capillary Pipette

Disposable micropipettes designed for small volumes and precise measurements. Made with capillary tubing.

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Pasteur Pipette

A type of pipette that is reusable, with a disposable glass bottom. They are often used for transferring and mixing liquids.

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Disposable Transfer Pipette

Disposable pipettes made from plastic. They are a convenient and inexpensive alternative to glass pipettes.

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Mechanical Pipetting

The process of using a pipette to transfer liquids. It involves using a bulb to draw liquid into the pipette and then dispensing it into a container.

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Manual Pipetting Step 1

The process of filling a pipette above the calibration mark, using suction and covering the opening with a finger. Then, the excess fluid is wiped away, and the pipet is allowed to drain to the calibration mark.

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Manual Pipetting Step 2

Once the pipet is filled and drained to the calibration mark, it is touched to the receiving vessel, and the remaining liquid is allowed to drain by gravity.

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Laboratory Balance

A laboratory instrument used to measure mass or weight. It is essential for accurate reagent preparation and essential for most experiments.

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Analytic Balance

A highly accurate type of balance used for precise measurements in the range of 0.01 mg to 160 g.

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Electronic Balance

A balance that provides rapid and precise measurements. It is often used in the laboratory for quick and reliable mass determinations.

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pH meter

An instrument used to measure the pH of a solution, which indicates its acidity or alkalinity. It displays the pH value digitally or on a scale.

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Centrifuge

A laboratory instrument used to separate components of a mixture based on their density and mass.

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Semiautomated Pipettes

Pipettes that offer convenience and reduced contamination risk by using disposable plastic tips.

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Pipette Tips

Disposable or autoclavable tips used with semiautomated pipettes.

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Reagents

Chemicals used to facilitate chemical reactions. They can be purchased ready-to-use or as kits.

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Analytic Reagent (AR) Grade Chemicals

High-purity chemicals that are ideal for analytical procedures. They have well-defined and low levels of impurities.

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Ultrapure Grade Chemicals

Chemicals with a very high purity, often used in specialized analytical techniques where extreme purity is critical.

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Chemically Pure (CP) Grade Chemicals

Chemicals with a less defined purity level compared to AR or ultrapure grade. They are generally not used in analytical work.

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USP and NF Grade Chemicals

Chemicals used in pharmaceutical applications, meeting standards specifically for safety and purity.

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Primary Standards

Highly purified chemicals with a precisely known concentration. They are used as reference standards for calibrating instruments and verifying results.

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Type I Reagent Water

Water purified to an extremely high level. It is used immediately due to its high susceptibility to contamination. Critical for analytical work.

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Type II Reagent Water

Water purified for general laboratory use. It is suitable for qualitative procedures but may not be appropriate for all analytical applications.

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Type III Reagent Water

Water purified to a basic level, suitable for routine laboratory tests like urinalysis. It is not as pure as Type I or II.

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Buffers

Solutions that resist changes in pH, ensuring stability during chemical reactions. They typically consist of weak acids or bases.

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Study Notes

Pipette Types and Functions

  • TD pipette dispenses the indicated volume.
  • Pipette types include Transfer (Volumetric, Ostwald-folin, Pasteur, automatic macropipettes, micropipettes) and Measuring/Graduated (Serologic, Mohr, Bacteriologic, Ball, Kolmer, Kahn, Micropipette).
  • Blowout pipettes have etched rings indicating the remaining liquid must be expelled.
  • Self-draining pipettes allow liquid to drain by gravity while maintaining contact with the receiving vessel.

Serological and Mohr Pipettes

  • Serological pipet acts as a TD/blowout pipet, calibrated to the tip.
  • Mohr pipet is a TD/"no blowout" pipet; its end-calibration line is before the tip.
  • Volumetric pipets measure a single volume, are TD/"no blowout," and are more accurate than serological pipets.
  • Ostwald-Folin pipet is a TD/blowout pipet for viscous solutions, less commonly used today.

Micropipettes

  • Micropipettes measure small volumes (less than 1 mL) and are typically TC pipets.
  • Unopette is a self-filling micropipette used in hematology.
  • Capillary pipets are disposable TC micropipettes made from capillary tubing.

Pasteur and Disposable Transfer Pipets

  • Pasteur pipets are reusable with a disposable glass bottom; disposable pipets are plastic.
  • Mechanical pipetting involves checking size, holding correctly, and using a bulb to draw liquid.

Manual Pipetting Steps

  • Use suction to fill the pipet above calibration mark, cover the opening with a finger.
  • Wipe excess fluid away, touch the tip to the receiving vessel, and allow gravity drainage to the calibration mark.
  • Complete drainage may require touching the tip to different areas of the receiving vessel.

Laboratory Equipment Essentials

  • A laboratory balance ensures accurate reagent preparation and is fundamental for experiments.
  • Analytic balances measure from 0.01 mg to 160 g; electronic balances provide rapid and precise measurements.
  • pH meters express acidity or alkalinity, with values displayed digitally or on scales.

Centrifuges

  • Centrifuges separate phases based on mass and density, composed of a head or rotor and enclosed within a metal cover.

Semiautomated Pipettes

  • Semiautomated pipettes enhance convenience, using plastic tips that reduce contamination risks.
  • Tips are disposable or autoclavable and can be single or multichannels, operated by a trigger or plunger.

Reagents and Chemical Types

  • Reagents facilitate chemical reactions; they can come in ready-to-use forms or kits.
  • Analytic reagent (AR) grade chemicals boast high purity, while ultrapure grade serves specialized procedures.
  • Chemically Pure (CP) grade lacks precise impurity limits; USP and NF grades are intended for health safety, not purity.

Reference and Reagent Water

  • Primary standards are highly purified chemicals with known concentration; certified by NIST.
  • Type I reagent water is extremely pure, used immediately and not to be stored; critical for various analytical techniques.
  • Type II reagent water serves qualitative procedures; Type III is suitable for basic laboratory tests like urinalysis.

Buffers

  • Buffers are weak acids or bases that stabilize hydrogen ion concentration, minimizing pH changes during reactions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various types of pipettes, including volumetric and graduated options. This quiz covers the characteristics and uses of different pipettes such as Ostwald-Folin, Pasteur, and automatic micropipettes. Perfect for anyone studying laboratory techniques.

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