Piaget's Preoperational Stage of Cognitive Development
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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others?

  • Preoperational Thought
  • Conservation
  • Egocentrism
  • Centration (correct)
  • Which term describes the failure to understand that an action can go in two or more directions?

  • Egocentrism
  • Theory of Mind
  • Conservation
  • Irreversibility (correct)
  • What type of memory refers to general knowledge and facts?

  • Autobiographical Memory
  • Semantic Memory (correct)
  • Episodic Memory
  • Generic Memory
  • Which approach involves the focusing of mental resources on select information?

    <p>Information-Processing Memory Approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does autobiographical memory generally emerge according to the text?

    <p>3 to 4 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of attention involves action planning, allocating attention to goals, and error detection?

    <p>Executive Attention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the memory process according to the text?

    <p>Encoding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Working Memory primarily located based on the text?

    <p>Prefrontal Cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Sustained Attention defined as in the text?

    <p>Extended engagement with a task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which memory storage type is a short-term storehouse for information a person is actively working on?

    <p>Working Memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy do preschool children tend to use, according to the text, when making judgments without examining all the details?

    <p>Haphazard Comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Retrieval in the memory process according to the text?

    <p>Searching for and retrieving information from memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the acquisition of gender roles?

    <p>Gender-typing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg, what is the stage where children realize their gender will always be the same?

    <p>Gender constancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory suggests that children actively search for gender cues in their social environment?

    <p>Gender-Schema Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to preconceived generalizations about male or female behavior?

    <p>Gender stereotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Walter Mischel, how do children acquire gender roles?

    <p>By imitating models and being rewarded for gender-appropriate behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a child's awareness of their own gender and that of others?

    <p>Gender identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of child maltreatment involves ignoring, isolating, or showing dislike for a child?

    <p>Child Neglect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parenting style emphasizes control and unquestioning obedience, with high control but low responsiveness?

    <p>Authoritarian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the intended purpose of Power Assertion in parenting?

    <p>Stop or discourage undesirable behavior through physical or verbal enforcement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of child maltreatment involves acts or omissions that could cause serious behavioral, cognitive, or emotional problems?

    <p>Emotional Abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which parenting style are warmth and responsiveness high, but control is low?

    <p>Permissive/Indulgent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) according to Vygotsky?

    <p>The space where children can learn with adult assistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of teaching emphasizes children's natural intelligence involving rational, spiritual, and empirical aspects?

    <p>Montessori Method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Fast Mapping in the context of language development?

    <p>Quickly learning new words after hearing them once or twice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of speech involves talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate with others?

    <p>Private Speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do children typically begin to describe themselves in terms of generalized traits according to their self-concept?

    <p>5-7 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do children whose self-esteem is contingent on success tend to do when they fail?

    <p>Become demoralized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Emotion-Coaching Parents' assist children in dealing effectively with emotions by:

    <p>Viewing negative emotions as teaching opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Social Emotions' involve a comparison of one's actions to social standards, which of the following is NOT a social emotion mentioned in the text?

    <p>Anger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Developmentally Appropriate Practice' is based on knowledge of children's typical development within an age span and the uniqueness of the child. Which approach does NOT follow this principle?

    <p>Zone of Proximal Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Self-Esteem' is defined as the self-evaluative part of the self-concept. What type of self-esteem tends to be unidimensional?

    <p>Contingent self-esteem</p> Signup and view all the answers

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