Phyto-geographical Regions of India
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Phyto-geographical Regions of India

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'biodiversity' refer to?

  • Variability among living organisms from various sources (correct)
  • The variety of ecosystems in a specific area
  • The differences in physical characteristics among species
  • The classification of living organisms into distinct groups

    • Which country ranks 10th among the plant-rich countries of the world?

  • India (correct)
  • United States
  • Brazil
  • China

    • What is genetic diversity primarily responsible for?

  • Variations among the genes of the same species (correct)
  • Differences in species across biogeographical areas
  • The creation of entirely new species
  • Variation among different ecosystems

    • Which of the following best describes species diversity?

    <p>The variety of species present in a given area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of ecosystem diversity?

    <p>Various forests, grasslands, and wetlands within a region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of value is derived from silk harvested from silkworms and wool from sheep?

    <p>Productive value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What increments the significance of biodiversity in agriculture?

    <p>Variety of crops and livestock genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the unique species found exclusively in a specific region?

    <p>Endemic species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following regions is recognized as a biodiversity hotspot in India?

    <p>Sundaland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines an endangered species?

    <p>A species on the verge of extinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a vulnerable species in India?

    <p>Sarus crane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'rare species' refer to?

    <p>Species that are uncommon and infrequently encountered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Red Data Book?

    <p>To record rare and endangered species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species is known as 'kala hiran' in India?

    <p>Black buck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are certain species classified as vulnerable?

    <p>Their survival and reproduction are threatened</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of rare species as per the International Union for Conservation of Nature?

    <p>They live in isolated geographical locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT classified as a phytogeographical region of India?

    <p>Himalayan Region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diversity is included in the fields of diversity identified for India as a mega-diversity nation?

    <p>Climatic and cultural diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zoogeographical region is found in the southern part of India?

    <p>Malabar Region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many mega-diverse countries did Conservation International identify in 1998?

    <p>18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following regions is part of both phytogeographical and zoogeographical classifications in India?

    <p>Deccan Plateau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following species is not considered an EDGE species?

    <p>Snow leopard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary threat to the existence of the black buck?

    <p>Poaching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an endemic plant in India?

    <p>True cardamom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does endemism refer to in biological terms?

    <p>A species isolated to a specific area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animal is not listed as endemic to India?

    <p>African elephant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of EDGE species?

    <p>They are often the last surviving member of their genus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should open plains be conserved for the black buck?

    <p>To allow for natural migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a threat to biodiversity?

    <p>Exotic species introduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of botanical gardens?

    <p>To conserve rare and endangered plant species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bank is a pollen bank categorized as?

    <p>Gene Bank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential disadvantage of ex-situ conservation?

    <p>Abnormal behavior affecting reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is used for asexual propagation in plants?

    <p>Tissue culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about DNA technology is true?

    <p>It offers an innovative approach to biodiversity conservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue commonly arises during man-wildlife conflict?

    <p>Damage and danger caused by wildlife to humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of ex-situ conservation?

    <p>Improved offspring genetic quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does ex-situ conservation primarily affect breeding?

    <p>It negatively impacts breeding success due to altered behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    What is Biodiversity

    • Biodiversity combines "bio" (life) and "diversity," representing the variety of living organisms across ecosystems.
    • The Convention on Biological Diversity was established in 1992 during the Rio Earth Summit.
    • India ranks 10th globally in plant richness, 11th in endemic higher vertebrates, and 6th in agricultural crop diversity.

    Levels of Biodiversity

    • Genetic Diversity: Variations within the genes of the same species, leading to different varieties (e.g., rice, mangoes).
    • Species Diversity: Variation among species within a specific area (e.g., horses distinct from donkeys).
    • Ecosystem Diversity: Variety of habitats and life forms within them, encompassing different ecosystems within geographical boundaries.

    Values of Biodiversity

    • Productive Value: Various products are sourced from organisms, including silk from silkworms and wool from sheep.

    Hot Spots of Biodiversity

    • Major biodiversity hotspots in India include:
      • Western Ghats
      • Eastern Himalayas
      • Indo-Burma region
      • Sundaland (Nicobar Islands)

    Endangered Species

    • Species close to extinction are classified as endangered (e.g., red panda, Gir lion, Gharial, Great Indian bustard).

    Vulnerable Species

    • Vulnerable species are likely to become endangered without improved circumstances (e.g., Sarus crane, Nilgiri Langur, Barasingha).

    Rare Species

    • Rare species are uncommon or infrequently encountered and not classified as endangered but are "at risk."

    Red Data Book

    • A document by IUCN that catalogs rare and endangered species of flora and fauna, including local species.

    Endangered Black Buck

    • Also known as kala hiran, previously widespread in India but now limited to parts of Punjab, Gujarat, and Rajasthan due to poaching and habitat loss.

    Endemic Species

    • Species native to a particular region, with limited distribution (e.g., True Cardamom, One-horned rhino, Royal Bengal tiger).

    EDGE Species

    • Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered species have unique evolutionary histories and few close relatives (e.g., Asian elephants, red pandas).

    Ex-situ Conservation

    • Botanical Gardens: Preserve rare and endangered plant species and promote research and sustainable development.
    • Tissue Culture Technique: Asexual propagation method using plant cells in sterile conditions to conserve genetic material.
    • DNA Technology: Uses DNA conservation methods for biodiversity preservation.

    Advantages and Disadvantages of Ex-situ Conservation

    • Advantages:
      • Complete protection from predation and poaching.
      • Extended survival rates and possible hybrid breeding.
      • Improved offspring quality through genetic techniques.
    • Disadvantages:
      • Abnormal behavior in animals can complicate reproduction.

    Man-Wildlife Conflict

    • Conflicts arise when wildlife threatens human safety and damages property, complicating conservation efforts.

    Phyto-geographical Regions of India

    • India categorized into regions based on flora:
      • Western Himalayas
      • Eastern Himalayas
      • Western Deserts
      • Gangetic Plains
      • Central India
      • Western Coast
      • Deccan Plateau
      • North-East India
      • Andaman and Nicobar Islands

    Zoo-geographical Regions of India

    • India divided into regions based on fauna:
      • Himalayan Region
      • Malabar Region
      • Nilgiri Region
      • Northern Plains
      • Desert Lands
      • Deccan Plateau Region

    India: A Mega-diversity Nation

    • Recognized as one of 18 mega-diverse countries by Conservation International in 1998.
    • Key fields of diversity in India include geographical, climatic, habitat, cultural, and biodiversity.

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    Related Documents

    Biodiversity PPT PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the various phyto-geographical regions of India, highlighting their unique flora. Participants will learn about regions such as the Western and Eastern Himalayas, Western Deserts, Gangetic Plains, and more. Understanding these regions is essential for biodiversity study and environmental science.

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