10 Questions
What is the definition of an atom?
The smallest unit that retains the properties of an element
What is the charge carried by a neutron?
No charge
What does atomic number refer to?
Number of protons in an atom
Which chemical elements are mentioned as major elements for form and function in the human body?
Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Sodium (Na)
What are isotopes?
Elements with different number of neutrons but same number of protons
What is the term for an atom with a single electron in its outermost orbital?
Free radical
How many bonds does Nitrogen (N) typically form based on its atomic number?
3 bonds
What type of bond forms between the hydrogen atom in one polar bond and an oxygen or nitrogen atom in another polar bond?
Hydrogen bond
What are atoms with a net electric charge due to the gain or loss of one or more electrons called?
Ions
When do covalent bonds form between atoms?
When electrons are shared
Study Notes
Atomic Structure
- An atom is the smallest unit of a chemical element that retains the properties of that element.
- A neutron carries no charge, it is neutral.
Atomic Number and Elements
- The atomic number refers to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical element.
- Major elements for form and function in the human body include Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen.
Isotopes
- Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons (atomic number) but a different number of neutrons.
Atomic Orbitals
- An atom with a single electron in its outermost orbital is called an alkali metal.
Chemical Bonding
- Nitrogen (N) typically forms three bonds based on its atomic number.
- A hydrogen bond forms between the hydrogen atom in one polar bond and an oxygen or nitrogen atom in another polar bond.
- Atoms with a net electric charge due to the gain or loss of one or more electrons are called ions.
- Covalent bonds form between atoms when they share one or more pairs of electrons to achieve a more stable electronic configuration.
Test your knowledge on the chemical composition of the body, focusing on the basic functions and structure of atoms as the fundamental units. Understand the properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons in cell structure.
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