28 Questions
Which type of nociceptor is responsible for conducting slow, poorly-localized pain and itching sensations?
C fibers
What type of stimuli can activate polymodal nociceptors?
High intensity mechanical, chemical, or thermal stimuli
Which type of nociceptor is responsible for conducting sharp, well-localized pain?
A-delta fibers
In which setting would silent nociceptors be 'awakened' to transmit pain information?
In the setting of continuous damage or inflammation
What is the conduction velocity range of C fibers?
0.5 – 2 m/sec
Which type of fiber is primarily responsible for transmitting thermoception (temperature) sensations?
C fibers
Which type of pain is carried by A-delta fibers?
Fast pain
Where do the fibers of the paleospinothalamic pathway synapse?
Thalamic nuclei
What is the likely reason for the projection neurons to be inhibited in the spinal cord?
Release of enkephalins
Which type of pain sensation likely ascends along the anterior spinothalamic tract?
Visceral pain
What is responsible for bringing the most relief when activated due to its higher concentration on C-fibers?
Mu opioid receptors
Which type of pain perception does not exhibit adaptation like touch, taste, and smell?
Fast pain
What is a characteristic of dermal pain?
Often described as sharp or burning
Which type of nociceptors are activated by intense pressure applied to a structure?
Mechanical nociceptors
Which part of the body is often associated with dull, pressure-like pain?
Skeletal muscle
Which type of pain can be described as dull, cramping, but can also be sharp?
Visceral pain
What is a characteristic of mesothelial linings pain?
Usually described as sharp
Which areas in the CNS share similar geographic areas for pain perception and mood disorders?
Amygdala, cingulate gyrus, insular cortex
What monoamine areas in the midbrain are linked to both descending modulation of pain and the pathophysiology of depression?
Serotonin and norepinephrine
What distinguishes referred pain from superficial skin nociception?
Referred pain is often confused with visceral pain
Why is referred pain sometimes described as 'mixed message' pain?
Because it is confused with visceral pain
Which type of fibers extend from the heart to areas like T1 – T2, causing referred pain to the inner side of the arm?
C fibers
Which of the following statements about substance P is correct?
It is released by C fibers and causes long-lasting depolarization of projection neurons.
What is the main reason why nerve injury can sometimes cause neuropathic pain instead of analgesia?
Nerve injury reduces the stimulation of inhibitory interneurons, leading to excessive activation of excitatory interneurons and nociceptive projection neurons.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of A-beta fibers in the pain gate theory?
A-beta fibers stimulate inhibitory interneurons, reducing the transmission of pain from projection interneurons.
What is the difference between the transmission of pain signals by A-delta fibers and C fibers?
A-delta fibers transmit fast, sharp pain, while C fibers transmit slow, dull pain.
Which of the following pathways is associated with the transmission of fast, sharp pain?
Neospinothalamic pathway
Which of the following statements accurately describes the concept of referred pain?
Referred pain occurs when pain is perceived in an area different from the site of injury or inflammation.
Explore the physiology of nociception, including polymodal nociceptors activated by different stimuli and silent nociceptors that transmit pain information under specific conditions. Learn about the types of nociceptors and their functioning in response to damage or inflammation.
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