Physiology of Digestive System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

  • Transfer nutrients, H2O, and electrolytes from food into the body's internal environment (correct)
  • Motility to mix food with digestive juices and to move food forward
  • Elimination of un-digested and un-reabsorbed food
  • Secretion of water, electrolytes, mucous, and enzymes

    • What occurs in the small intestine?

  • Motility to mix food with digestive juices and to move food forward
  • Digestion of large food molecules into small simple units
  • Absorption of digested food from GIT lumen into blood or lymph (correct)
  • Elimination of un-digested and un-reabsorbed food

    • What is the function of digestive enzymes?

  • To absorb digested food from the GIT lumen into blood or lymph
  • To break down complex molecules into simple absorbable units (correct)
  • To eliminate un-digested and un-reabsorbed food
  • To secrete water, electrolytes, mucous, and enzymes

    • What is the role of gut motility?

    <p>To mix food with digestive juices and to move food forward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus?

    <p>Gastrointestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of salivary glands?

    <p>To secrete digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle contraction is involved in the movement of food in the digestive tract, except at the oral and anal ends?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of amylase in saliva?

    <p>Breakdown of starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of propulsive (peristaltic) movement in the gut?

    <p>Forward movement of food through the digestive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of water in saliva?

    <p>99.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of saliva in oral hygiene?

    <p>Keeping the mouth and teeth clean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lysozymes in saliva?

    <p>Proteolytic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lysozyme in saliva?

    <p>To attack and break down bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptors are found in the pharynx and stimulate the swallowing reflex?

    <p>Touch receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of thiocyanate ions in saliva?

    <p>To destroy bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a lack of salivation?

    <p>Oral tissues become ulcerated and infected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of events in the mechanism of swallowing?

    <p>Oral, pharyngeal, involuntary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nerves are involved in the efferent pathway of the swallowing reflex?

    <p>Parasympathetic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

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