Physiology of Cryotherapy

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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of cryotherapy on gamma motor neuron activity?

It decreases the force of muscle contraction

What is the primary benefit of cryotherapy in inflammatory joint diseases?

Prevention of collagen destruction

What is the typical response to cryotherapy after 15-30 minutes of application?

Analgesia and numbness

What is the primary goal of cryotherapy in edema management?

To reduce inflammation and control bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of sensations in response to cryotherapy?

Intense cold, burning, local anaesthesia, analgesia Signup and view all the answers

When should cryotherapy be discontinued in inflammation control?

When the local temperature returns to normal Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of applying cryotherapy within the first 5 minutes after trauma?

To control bleeding and edema Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment time for cryotherapy when controlling inflammation?

15 minutes or less Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of the RICE method in the first 48-72 hours after an injury?

To reduce inflammation and edema Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cryotherapy on blood flow?

It decreases blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of intermittent compression and continuous ice water therapy for inflammation control?

It is more effective than intermittent cold pack therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential contraindication of prolonged cryotherapy?

It promotes vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cryotherapy in edema management?

Decrease edema and swelling Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physiological effect of cold on the neuromuscular system?

Increased pain threshold Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of heat transfer in hydrotherapy applications?

Convection Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phenomenon where blood flow initially decreases and then increases after 20-30 minutes of continuous cold application?

Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of cryotherapy in pain control?

Decrease pain sensation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of heat transfer in ice packs and cold packs?

Conduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which cold therapy reduces pain sensation?

Gate control mechanism Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cold therapy on nerve conduction velocity?

It decreases in proportion to the degree of temperature change Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of brief cooling on isometric muscle strength?

It increases directly after cooling Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which cold therapy reduces edema formation?

Reducing blood flow to the affected area Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cryotherapy on alpha motor neuron activity?

It facilitates alpha motor neuron activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of RICE method in the first 48-72 hours after an injury?

To reduce pain and inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which cryotherapy reduces pain in the acute phase?

Slowing nerve conduction and activating the gate control theory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical aim of cryotherapy in the acute phase of injury?

To control pain Signup and view all the answers

How does cryotherapy reduce muscle spasm and pain?

By reducing muscle temperature and indirectly reducing muscle spasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cryotherapy on deep tendon reflexes in patients with upper motor neuron dysfunctions?

A temporary decrease in deep tendon reflexes Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration of cold application to control pain for 1 or more hours?

10-15 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a modification of cryotherapy used to reduce spasticity in patients with upper motor neuron dysfunctions?

Longer applications of 10-30 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of edema management in the first 7 days?

To control extraarticular swelling and quickly resolve intraarticular swelling Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for cryotherapy application in edema management?

As soon as possible after acute trauma Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cryotherapy on blood flow?

Decreases blood flow via vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of combining elevation and compression in edema management?

Improves circulation and lymphatic drainage Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for cryotherapy in edema management?

Poor circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of cryotherapy in edema management?

Reduces capillary permeability Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of the RICE method in the first 48-72 hours after an injury?

Minimizes edema formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cryotherapy on edema formation?

Minimizes edema formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of muscle pump and soft tissue massage in edema management?

To improve circulation and lymphatic drainage Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of edema?

Pitting edema and swelling Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Effects of Cold

Decreased tissular temperature and metabolism
Decreased blood flow, leading to:
- Decreased edema and swelling
- Decreased pain and muscle spasm
Physiological effects of cold:
- Hemodynamic effects: initial decrease in blood flow, later increase in blood flow
- Neuromuscular effects:
  - Decreased nerve conduction velocity
  - Decreased temporal spasticity
  - Increased pain threshold and decreased pain sensation
- Metabolic effects: decreased metabolic rate

Metabolic Effects of Cold

Decreased metabolic rate
Cryotherapy can be used to control acute inflammation
Decreased activity of cartilage-degrading enzymes

Sensations in Response to Cryotherapy

Intense cold (within 3 minutes of application)
Burning/deep aching (from 4-7 minutes of application)
Local anesthesia to analgesia (from 8-15 minutes of application)
Analgesia and numbness (after 15-30 minutes of application)

Cryotherapy Uses

Inflammation control
Edema control
Pain control
Modification of spasticity

Inflammation Control

Cryotherapy can be used to control acute inflammation
Must be applied as soon as possible after trauma (within 5 minutes)
Limited to 15 minutes or less to avoid vasodilation and increased circulation

Clinical Problem: Inflammation

Signs and symptoms: 5 cardinal signs
Timing: Acute phase (first 72 hours after injury)
Clinical aim: To limit the extent of inflammation
Intervention and mechanism of action:
- Ice: decreases metabolic rate and reduces blood flow
- Contrast baths: effective in distal part of extremities
- RICE method: most effective in the first 48-72 hours after injury

Pain Control

Cryotherapy can control pain
Immediate effect: gate control theory
Prolonged alleviation of pain: reduced muscle-spasm-pain cycle, indirectly reducing edema and swelling that causes pain

Modification of Spasticity

Cryotherapy can be used to reduce spasticity temporarily in patients with upper motor neuron dysfunctions
Brief applications (5 minutes) cause an immediate decrease in deep tendon reflexes
Longer applications (10-30 minutes) decrease and eliminate clonus and the decrease of muscles for passive stretch

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Physiology of Cryotherapy

Questions and Answers

What is the effect of cryotherapy on gamma motor neuron activity?

What is the primary benefit of cryotherapy in inflammatory joint diseases?

What is the typical response to cryotherapy after 15-30 minutes of application?

What is the primary goal of cryotherapy in edema management?

What is the correct sequence of sensations in response to cryotherapy?

When should cryotherapy be discontinued in inflammation control?

What is the primary goal of applying cryotherapy within the first 5 minutes after trauma?

What is the recommended treatment time for cryotherapy when controlling inflammation?

What is the main objective of the RICE method in the first 48-72 hours after an injury?

What is the effect of cryotherapy on blood flow?

What is the benefit of intermittent compression and continuous ice water therapy for inflammation control?

What is a potential contraindication of prolonged cryotherapy?

What is the purpose of cryotherapy in edema management?

Which of the following is a physiological effect of cold on the neuromuscular system?

What is the primary mode of heat transfer in hydrotherapy applications?

What is the term for the phenomenon where blood flow initially decreases and then increases after 20-30 minutes of continuous cold application?

What is the primary benefit of cryotherapy in pain control?

What is the primary method of heat transfer in ice packs and cold packs?

What is the mechanism by which cold therapy reduces pain sensation?

What is the effect of cold therapy on nerve conduction velocity?

What is the effect of brief cooling on isometric muscle strength?

What is the mechanism by which cold therapy reduces edema formation?

What is the effect of cryotherapy on alpha motor neuron activity?

What is the importance of RICE method in the first 48-72 hours after an injury?

What is the primary mechanism by which cryotherapy reduces pain in the acute phase?

Which of the following is a clinical aim of cryotherapy in the acute phase of injury?

How does cryotherapy reduce muscle spasm and pain?

What is the effect of cryotherapy on deep tendon reflexes in patients with upper motor neuron dysfunctions?

What is the recommended duration of cold application to control pain for 1 or more hours?

Which of the following is a modification of cryotherapy used to reduce spasticity in patients with upper motor neuron dysfunctions?

What is the primary aim of edema management in the first 7 days?

What is the recommended timing for cryotherapy application in edema management?

What is the effect of cryotherapy on blood flow?

What is the benefit of combining elevation and compression in edema management?

What is a contraindication for cryotherapy in edema management?

What is the mechanism of action of cryotherapy in edema management?

What is the primary benefit of the RICE method in the first 48-72 hours after an injury?

What is the effect of cryotherapy on edema formation?

What is the primary goal of muscle pump and soft tissue massage in edema management?

What is a sign of edema?

Study Notes

Effects of Cold

Metabolic Effects of Cold

Sensations in Response to Cryotherapy

Cryotherapy Uses

Inflammation Control

Clinical Problem: Inflammation

Pain Control

Modification of Spasticity

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