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Questions and Answers
What is the underlying cause of elevated liver enzymes in severe Preeclampsia?
What is the underlying cause of elevated liver enzymes in severe Preeclampsia?
- Damage to platelets
- High risk for bleeding
- Occlusion of small vessels by platelets and damaged RBCs (correct)
- Presence of RBCs in small vessels
In Severe Preeclampsia, why are there low platelet counts in circulation?
In Severe Preeclampsia, why are there low platelet counts in circulation?
- High risk for bleeding
- Damage to platelets
- Platelets going to the liver (correct)
- RBC breakdown
What is a characteristic symptom of Eclampsia?
What is a characteristic symptom of Eclampsia?
- Macrosomia
- Generalized clonic-tonic seizures (correct)
- Tight glycemic control
- Circulatory collapse
Why is sodium restriction advised for pregnant women with cardiac disorders?
Why is sodium restriction advised for pregnant women with cardiac disorders?
What can cause fetal anoxia during pregnancy?
What can cause fetal anoxia during pregnancy?
What is a common symptom of Hydatidiform Mole?
What is a common symptom of Hydatidiform Mole?
What is the recommended treatment for Interrupted Pregnancy due to cervical abnormalities?
What is the recommended treatment for Interrupted Pregnancy due to cervical abnormalities?
'Missed abortion' refers to what condition?
'Missed abortion' refers to what condition?
'Pseudocyesis' is characterized by what?
'Pseudocyesis' is characterized by what?
'ABO incompatibility' can lead to what condition in newborns?
'ABO incompatibility' can lead to what condition in newborns?
Which physiological changes are associated with pregnancy-related preeclampsia?
Which physiological changes are associated with pregnancy-related preeclampsia?
What is the significance of Goodell, Hegar, and Chadwick signs during pregnancy?
What is the significance of Goodell, Hegar, and Chadwick signs during pregnancy?
How does preeclampsia affect the renal system?
How does preeclampsia affect the renal system?
What are the main characteristics of HELLP syndrome in pregnancy complications?
What are the main characteristics of HELLP syndrome in pregnancy complications?
What is the significance of the term 'primigravida' in obstetrics?
What is the significance of the term 'primigravida' in obstetrics?
How does pregnancy affect the urinary system?
How does pregnancy affect the urinary system?
What is the purpose of the diaphragm widening during pregnancy?
What is the purpose of the diaphragm widening during pregnancy?
What is the major reason for low platelet counts in circulation in Severe Preeclampsia?
What is the major reason for low platelet counts in circulation in Severe Preeclampsia?
What is the treatment for Hydatidiform Mole?
What is the treatment for Hydatidiform Mole?
What is the main cause of Macrosomia during pregnancy?
What is the main cause of Macrosomia during pregnancy?
What is the common symptom of ABO incompatibility in newborns?
What is the common symptom of ABO incompatibility in newborns?
What is the management approach for Gestational Diabetes?
What is the management approach for Gestational Diabetes?
How can pregnancies involving Rh incompatibility be managed to prevent future complications?
How can pregnancies involving Rh incompatibility be managed to prevent future complications?
What is the common treatment for Septic Abortion?
What is the common treatment for Septic Abortion?
What causes an Inevitable Abortion?
What causes an Inevitable Abortion?
What is a distinguishing feature of Ectopic Pregnancy?
What is a distinguishing feature of Ectopic Pregnancy?
'Incompetent cervix' or premature dilation can lead to which type of pregnancy complication?
'Incompetent cervix' or premature dilation can lead to which type of pregnancy complication?
Why is rest in the lateral left side recommended for a pregnant woman with mild preeclampsia?
Why is rest in the lateral left side recommended for a pregnant woman with mild preeclampsia?
Why is sodium restriction advised for pregnant women with cardiac disorders?
Why is sodium restriction advised for pregnant women with cardiac disorders?
What is the role of oxytocin in pregnancy?
What is the role of oxytocin in pregnancy?
What causes a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during pregnancy?
What causes a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during pregnancy?
How does Lordosis affect a pregnant woman's posture?
How does Lordosis affect a pregnant woman's posture?
What is the significance of linea nigra in pregnant women?
What is the significance of linea nigra in pregnant women?
What role does the corpus luteum play in early pregnancy?
What role does the corpus luteum play in early pregnancy?
Why does a pregnant woman experience urinary frequency?
Why does a pregnant woman experience urinary frequency?
What physiological changes cause systolic heart murmurs in pregnant women?
What physiological changes cause systolic heart murmurs in pregnant women?
How do Goodell, Hegar, and Chadwick signs help in assessing pregnancy progression?
How do Goodell, Hegar, and Chadwick signs help in assessing pregnancy progression?
What is the main cause of Macrosomia during pregnancy?
What is the main cause of Macrosomia during pregnancy?
What is the common treatment for Septic Abortion?
What is the common treatment for Septic Abortion?
What physiological changes cause systolic heart murmurs in pregnant women?
What physiological changes cause systolic heart murmurs in pregnant women?
Why does a pregnant woman experience urinary frequency?
Why does a pregnant woman experience urinary frequency?
'ABO incompatibility' can lead to what condition in newborns?
'ABO incompatibility' can lead to what condition in newborns?
'Incompetent cervix' or premature dilation can lead to which type of pregnancy complication?
'Incompetent cervix' or premature dilation can lead to which type of pregnancy complication?
'Pseudocyesis' is characterized by what?
'Pseudocyesis' is characterized by what?
'ABO incompatibility' can lead to what condition in newborns?
'ABO incompatibility' can lead to what condition in newborns?
'Ectopic Pregnancy' can be seen in which locations?
'Ectopic Pregnancy' can be seen in which locations?
'Cardiac disorders' during pregnancy are mainly attributed to what factor?
'Cardiac disorders' during pregnancy are mainly attributed to what factor?
What is the term for the number of completed term pregnancies in a pregnant woman's obstetrical history?
What is the term for the number of completed term pregnancies in a pregnant woman's obstetrical history?
Which sign is used to assess vascularity changes in the cervix during pregnancy?
Which sign is used to assess vascularity changes in the cervix during pregnancy?
What is the primary hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions after delivery?
What is the primary hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions after delivery?
Which condition during pregnancy is characterized by a high blood pressure causing damage to small blood vessels in the liver?
Which condition during pregnancy is characterized by a high blood pressure causing damage to small blood vessels in the liver?
What change in blood pressure is typically observed in the third trimester of pregnancy?
What change in blood pressure is typically observed in the third trimester of pregnancy?
Which physiological change during pregnancy can lead to a hypercoagulable state?
Which physiological change during pregnancy can lead to a hypercoagulable state?
What urinary condition characterized by renal and ureteral dilation is considered a normal physiological change during pregnancy?
What urinary condition characterized by renal and ureteral dilation is considered a normal physiological change during pregnancy?
What is the term used for a pregnant woman who has never been pregnant before?
What is the term used for a pregnant woman who has never been pregnant before?
Which gland experiences a 135% increase in size during pregnancy?
Which gland experiences a 135% increase in size during pregnancy?
What is the most common symptom associated with Severe Preeclampsia?
What is the most common symptom associated with Severe Preeclampsia?
What causes the occlusion of small vessels in the liver in Severe Preeclampsia?
What causes the occlusion of small vessels in the liver in Severe Preeclampsia?
Which pregnancy complication is characterized by very rapid pulse, high blood pressure, and clonic-tonic seizures?
Which pregnancy complication is characterized by very rapid pulse, high blood pressure, and clonic-tonic seizures?
What is the primary cause of Macrosomia in pregnancy?
What is the primary cause of Macrosomia in pregnancy?
What is the role of Human Placental Lactogen in pregnancy complications?
What is the role of Human Placental Lactogen in pregnancy complications?
Which condition during pregnancy involves abnormal implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterine cavity?
Which condition during pregnancy involves abnormal implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterine cavity?
What complication can arise if a pregnant woman has Rh-negative blood and the fetus has Rh-positive blood?
What complication can arise if a pregnant woman has Rh-negative blood and the fetus has Rh-positive blood?
Why might a woman show signs and symptoms of pregnancy without actually being pregnant?
Why might a woman show signs and symptoms of pregnancy without actually being pregnant?
'Induced Abortion' may be legally performed in which situation?
'Induced Abortion' may be legally performed in which situation?
What sign of pregnancy is characterized by the dark line that forms from the pubis to the umbilicus?
What sign of pregnancy is characterized by the dark line that forms from the pubis to the umbilicus?
Which physiological change during pregnancy leads to an increased risk of thrombosis?
Which physiological change during pregnancy leads to an increased risk of thrombosis?
What term is used to describe a pregnant woman who has never been pregnant before?
What term is used to describe a pregnant woman who has never been pregnant before?
Which hormone stimulates rhythmic contractions of the uterus during pregnancy?
Which hormone stimulates rhythmic contractions of the uterus during pregnancy?
What is the normal range for the diastolic blood pressure of a pregnant woman in the third trimester?
What is the normal range for the diastolic blood pressure of a pregnant woman in the third trimester?
In pregnancy, what is the term used to describe a woman who has had multiple pregnancies?
In pregnancy, what is the term used to describe a woman who has had multiple pregnancies?
Which change in the cardiovascular system during pregnancy may lead to systolic heart murmurs?
Which change in the cardiovascular system during pregnancy may lead to systolic heart murmurs?
'Lordosis' in pregnant women refers to an exaggerated ____.
'Lordosis' in pregnant women refers to an exaggerated ____.
'Striae Gravidarum' are commonly known as ____.
'Striae Gravidarum' are commonly known as ____.
'Hyperreflexia with clonus' is a characteristic symptom of ____ in pregnant women.
'Hyperreflexia with clonus' is a characteristic symptom of ____ in pregnant women.
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Study Notes
- Reproductive system changes during pregnancy include alterations in the uterus, ovaries, cervix, vagina, and breasts influenced by estrogen and blood supply changes.
- Normal physiological changes in pregnancy affect the respiratory system (diaphragm and chest widening), cardiovascular system (blood pressure and heart position changes), gastrointestinal system (N/V, hemorrhoids, pyrosis), and endocrine system (pituitary gland enlargement, insulin needs increase).
- Hematological changes in pregnancy involve increases in blood volume, plasma, and RBCs, leading to a hypercoagulable state due to changes in blood clotting factors.
- Urinary system changes in pregnancy include renal dilation, changes in glomerular filtration rate, glycosuria, urinary frequency, and urinary stasis risks like pyelonephritis.
- Pregnancy-related complications like preeclampsia can manifest as mild or severe stages with symptoms like proteinuria, hypertension, hyperreflexia, headache, and visual disturbances.
- HELLP syndrome in preeclampsia involves hemolysis, elevated liver function tests, and low platelet count, leading to liver damage and a high risk of bleeding.
- Eclampsia is a severe complication of preeclampsia characterized by generalized seizures, very high blood pressure, scanty urine output, and potential organ failures.
- Complications of diabetes mellitus during pregnancy include fluctuating insulin requirements, increased risk of macrosomia, respiratory disorders in the fetus, and the potential for interrupted pregnancy.
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