Physiological Basis of Gait Quiz

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What is required for a normal gait?

Locomotor function only

All of the mentioned functions and systems (correct)

Sensory function and sensorimotor integration only

Balance and postural reflexes only

Which system provides essential information on the position of the body and its parts?

Vestibular system only

Proprioceptive system only

Afferent nerves from visual, vestibular and proprioceptive systems (correct)

Visual system only

Which system may partially compensate for disturbances in proprioception?

Motor control system

Vestibular system

Cardiopulmonary system

Visual system (correct)

Which areas are involved in interpreting the information received for walking?

Frontal cortex, basal ganglia, brain stem, and cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

Which descending pathways are included in the efferent system for walking?

Pyramidal tract, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular end plate, and muscles Signup and view all the answers

What can sustain rhythmic gait to some degree in paraplegic patients?

Spinal centers Signup and view all the answers

What brain stem center has a central role in generating automatic walking in primates?

Pedunculopontine nucleus Signup and view all the answers

How is the upright body position related to initiating gait?

Functioning postural reflexes are necessary for initiating gait Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the musculoskeletal apparatus in normal gait?

It facilitates movement by providing structural support and muscle function. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the efferent system in normal gait?

Initiating and sustaining rhythmic gait. Signup and view all the answers

During the gait cycle, which phase constitutes approximately 60% of the cycle?

Stance phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the average preferred walking speed in healthy adults up to the age of 59 years?

1.4 m/s Signup and view all the answers

What is the average cadence in young adults?

120 steps/min Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure of walking base width?

Distance from midpoint to midpoint of both heels Signup and view all the answers

Which stage marks the end of the stance phase during the gait cycle?

'Heel strike' stage Signup and view all the answers

What happens during mid-stance of the gait cycle?

The shoulders and pelvis remain relatively level and each arm swings in the opposite direction. Signup and view all the answers

What is a measure of gait that represents the linear distance covered by one gait cycle?

Stride length Signup and view all the answers

What does aging commonly cause in terms of gait characteristics?

Decrease in step width Signup and view all the answers

What muscle action moves the body’s center of gravity over the weight-bearing leg in walking?

Flexion of the hips and knee Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the heel of the swinging leg is placed on the ground during walking?

Body weight remains on the supporting leg Signup and view all the answers

What event marks the end of the swing phase during walking?

Terminal swing (heel strike) Signup and view all the answers