21 Questions
What is required for a normal gait?
All of the mentioned functions and systems
Which system provides essential information on the position of the body and its parts?
Afferent nerves from visual, vestibular and proprioceptive systems
Which system may partially compensate for disturbances in proprioception?
Visual system
Which areas are involved in interpreting the information received for walking?
Frontal cortex, basal ganglia, brain stem, and cerebellum
Which descending pathways are included in the efferent system for walking?
Pyramidal tract, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular end plate, and muscles
What can sustain rhythmic gait to some degree in paraplegic patients?
Spinal centers
What brain stem center has a central role in generating automatic walking in primates?
Pedunculopontine nucleus
How is the upright body position related to initiating gait?
Functioning postural reflexes are necessary for initiating gait
What is the role of the musculoskeletal apparatus in normal gait?
It facilitates movement by providing structural support and muscle function.
What is the role of the efferent system in normal gait?
Initiating and sustaining rhythmic gait.
During the gait cycle, which phase constitutes approximately 60% of the cycle?
Stance phase
What is the average preferred walking speed in healthy adults up to the age of 59 years?
1.4 m/s
What is the average cadence in young adults?
120 steps/min
What is the measure of walking base width?
Distance from midpoint to midpoint of both heels
Which stage marks the end of the stance phase during the gait cycle?
'Heel strike' stage
What happens during mid-stance of the gait cycle?
The shoulders and pelvis remain relatively level and each arm swings in the opposite direction.
What is a measure of gait that represents the linear distance covered by one gait cycle?
Stride length
What does aging commonly cause in terms of gait characteristics?
Decrease in step width
What muscle action moves the body’s center of gravity over the weight-bearing leg in walking?
Flexion of the hips and knee
What happens when the heel of the swinging leg is placed on the ground during walking?
Body weight remains on the supporting leg
What event marks the end of the swing phase during walking?
Terminal swing (heel strike)
Test your knowledge about the physiological basis of gait and the functions and systems required for normal gait. This quiz covers topics such as locomotor function, balance, postural reflexes, sensory function, motor control, and musculoskeletal apparatus.
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