Physiography of India Module 2
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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of a country's location according to the tutor?

  • It has an impact on the climate, vegetation, agriculture, and resources (correct)
  • It determines the population of the country
  • It affects the language spoken by the people
  • It influences the country's independence

    • Which of the following is NOT a place mentioned in the conversation?

  • Hisar
  • Delhi (correct)
  • Bhiwani
  • Fatehabad

    • Why does the tutor want to know India's location?

  • To identify its neighboring countries
  • To learn about its capital city
  • To comprehend its climate, vegetation, and resources (correct)
  • To understand its history

    • What is the commonality among the places mentioned by Rajinder?

    <p>They are all in Haryana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Farah questioning when she asks 'What is the need to know India's location?'

    <p>The purpose of studying India's location in the context of its identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tutor trying to establish through the conversation?

    <p>The significance of a country's location in shaping its identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following countries lies to the north of India?

    <p>China, Bhutan, and Tibet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the southernmost point of the Indian mainland?

    <p>Kannya Kumari</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the 82°30′E longitude chosen as the Standard Meridian of India?

    <p>Because there is a time lag of almost two hours between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of India's location in the Indian Ocean?

    <p>It commands the sea routes between Europe and Africa, South-East Asia, far East Asia, and Oceania</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the latitude of Indira Point?

    <p>6°4′ N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a neighboring country of India?

    <p>Oceania</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for India's good trade relations with many countries since ancient times?

    <p>Its location in the Indian Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What passes through Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh?

    <p>The 82°30′E longitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Karakoram range located?

    <p>In the extreme north of the country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the height ranking of K2 in the world?

    <p>The second highest peak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hills are part of the Purvanchal hills?

    <p>Mishami, Patkoi, Naga, Mizo hills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the Northern Plains?

    <p>About 2400 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the Northern Plains?

    <p>Deposition of sediments by three main river systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following states is NOT part of the Northern Plains?

    <p>Tamil Nadu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the width of the Northern Plains in the east?

    <p>About 150 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the Northern Plains?

    <p>Long and narrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest peak of the Aravallis hills located near?

    <p>Mt. Abu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which river flows east to west and joins the Arabian Sea?

    <p>Narmada</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the formation of the Deccan trap?

    <p>Volcanic eruptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average elevation of the Western Ghats?

    <p>1000 metres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mountain range is separated from the Chota Nagpur plateau by a fault?

    <p>The Deccan Plateau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the highest peak in the Western Ghats region?

    <p>Anaimudi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plateau is drained by the rivers Betwa, Chambal, and Ken?

    <p>The Malwa Plateau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the hills in the Chota Nagpur Plateau?

    <p>Mahadeo, Kaimur, and Maikal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why rivers are considered as lifeline?

    <p>Because they are essential for life and support various ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Himalayan rivers?

    <p>They are perennial rivers originating from glaciers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a triangular shaped land at the mouth of a river?

    <p>Delta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following rivers is an example of a river that forms a valley by the process of erosion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a stream or river that flows into a larger river?

    <p>Tributary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the course of Himalayan rivers?

    <p>They have a meandering course that shifts over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Location of India

    • India is located in the Indian Ocean, surrounded by China, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Maldives to its north, east, and south.
    • The country's southernmost point is Indira Point (Nicobar Islands) at 6°4′ N latitude, and Kanyakumari is the southernmost point of the Indian mainland at 8°4′ N latitude.
    • The 82°30′E longitude passes through Mirzapur (Uttar Pradesh), which is the Standard Meridian of India.

    Physiography of India

    • India is the largest country in terms of area and population in South Asia.
    • It is strategically located in the Indian Ocean, commanding sea routes between Europe and Africa, Southeast Asia, Far East Asia, and Oceania.
    • The Karakoram range lies in the extreme north of the country, and K2 is the second-highest peak in the world.

    Himalayan Ranges

    • The Himalayas are divided into three ranges: the Greater Himalayas, the Middle Himalayas, and the Shiwalik Range.
    • The Purvanchal hills include Mishami, Patkoi, Naga, Mizo hills, and the Meghalaya plateau.

    Northern Plains

    • The Northern Plains are located between the Himalayas and the Peninsular plateau.
    • They are formed by the deposition of sediments brought by three main river systems: the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra.
    • The plains stretch from Punjab in the west to Assam in the east, covering a distance of about 2400 km, and include states such as Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, and Assam.

    Central Highlands

    • The Central Highlands include the Aravalli hills, the Malwa Plateau, and the Chhota Nagpur Plateau.
    • The Aravallis extend from Gujarat through Rajasthan to Delhi, with the highest peak being Gurushikhar (1722m) near Mt. Abu.
    • The Malwa Plateau has rivers such as Betwa, Chambal, and Ken, while the Chhota Nagpur Plateau has hills like Mahadeo, Kaimur, and Maikal.

    Deccan Plateau

    • The Deccan Plateau is separated from the Chhota Nagpur Plateau by a fault.
    • The black soil area in the Deccan Plateau is known as Deccan Trap, formed due to volcanic eruptions, and is suitable for cotton and sugarcane cultivation.
    • The Deccan Plateau is broadly divided into the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats.

    Western Ghats

    • The Western Ghats or Sahyadris lie on the western edge of the Deccan Plateau, running parallel to the western coast for about 1600 km.
    • The average elevation of the Western Ghats is 1000 meters, with famous peaks like Doda Betta, Anaimudi, and Makurti, including the highest peak Anaimudi (2695m).

    Drainage Systems

    • The drainage system in India can be divided into two parts: the Himalayan drainage system and the Peninsular drainage system.
    • Himalayan rivers are perennial, originating from glaciers, and are ideal for irrigation purposes as they pass through plain fertile tracts.
    • Examples of Himalayan rivers include the Ganga, the Yamuna, and the Brahmaputra.
    • Peninsular rivers include the Narmada, the Tapi, and the Godavari, which originate from the Peninsular plateau.

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