COPY: Physics - Waves & The Electromagnetic Spectrum

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Questions and Answers

Which statement best describes transverse waves?

  • They only occur in solids.
  • Vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer. (correct)
  • Vibrations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer.
  • They do not transfer energy.

In a longitudinal wave, the vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

False (B)

What is the term for the distance between the highest point and the midpoint of a wave?

Amplitude

The highest point of a wave is called the ______.

<p>crest</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Wavelength = Distance between consecutive peaks or compressions Frequency = Number of waves passing a point in one second Amplitude = Maximum distance from rest position Period = Time taken for one wave to pass a point</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the wave equation?

<p>v = f × λ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A sound wave in air is an example of a transverse wave.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a wave has a speed of 12 m/s and a wavelength of 0.4 m, what is its frequency?

<p>30 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

The distance a surfer travels in a wave of 52 m in 8 seconds results in a speed of ______.

<p>6.5 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

What measurement is taken first in the procedure to measure wave speed using a ripple tank?

<p>Frequency from the vibration generator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a transverse wave?

<p>Vibrations are at right angles (perpendicular) to the direction of energy transfer of the wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a longitudinal wave?

<p>Vibrations are parallel (in the same direction) to the direction of energy transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Transverse waves only move __ and __ and can be transferred for __ ____. Longitudinal waves only ___ __ and ___ __ a little bit, these are called ______ and ______ where the energy can be transferred for __ ____.

<p>up, down, long distances, bunch up, spread out, compressions, rarefactions, long distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sound travels fastest in solids rather than liquids or gases because the particles are ___ ____. The more ___ ___ the particles are the faster the sound travels.

<p>closest together, densely packed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is velocity?

<p>Speed in a direction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which wave type involves vibrations at right angles to the direction of energy transfer?

<p>Transverse waves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Longitudinal waves can travel through solids but not through liquids or gases.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In transverse waves, vibrations are _______ to the direction of energy transfer.

<p>perpendicular</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect called when light rays bend as they travel through different materials?

<p>Refraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Light travels faster through water than it does through air.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the wavelength of light when it enters a medium like glass?

<p>It decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a wave is ______, it transfers all of its energy to the material.

<p>absorbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions to their descriptions:

<p>Reflection = Bounces back off a material Transmission = Passes through a material Absorption = Transfers energy to a material Refraction = Bends as it passes into a different medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following aspects of the refraction diagram represented by letters to what they are called:

<p>A = Angle of Incidence B = Angle of Refraction C = Normal Line D = Glass Block</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the second person do when they see the first person bang the blocks together?

<p>Start the stopwatch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The speed of sound can only be measured over a single distance.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first measurement taken to conduct the speed of sound experiment?

<p>Distance of 100 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

The person holding the wooden blocks begins the experiment by ______ the blocks together.

<p>banging</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the steps of the speed of sound measurement procedure with their descriptions:

<p>Measure distance = Use a trundle wheel to determine the spacing. Start stopwatch = Begin timing when the first person bangs the blocks. Stop stopwatch = End timing when the sound is heard. Calculate average time = Compute the mean of several measurements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first measurement to be taken when measuring waves using a ripple tank?

<p>Set up the ripple tank apparatus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The speed of sound waves is calculated using the recorded frequency and the wavelength of the metal rod.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What equipment is used to create wave patterns in a ripple tank?

<p>Light source</p> Signup and view all the answers

To determine the wavelength of waves, you need to measure the length of the screen and divide by the number of _______.

<p>wave fronts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the equipment to its corresponding wave measurement method:

<p>Wooden bar = Measuring waves in solids Ripple tank = Measuring waves on water Hammer = Striking the metal rod Smartphone = Recording frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use for ultraviolet waves?

<p>Killing bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gamma rays are primarily used for communication.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed of microwave waves in meters per second?

<p>3 x 10^8</p> Signup and view all the answers

The type of wave used for thermal imaging is ______.

<p>Infrared</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of electromagnetic waves with their uses:

<p>Radio Waves = Communication (radio, TV) X-rays = Medical usage Visible Light = Seeing Gamma rays = Cancer treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to visible light when it is too intense?

<p>It leads to blindness. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Higher frequency waves have longer wavelengths.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential danger of exposure to microwaves?

<p>Painful burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

White light can be split into a spectrum of colors using a ______.

<p>prism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each type of wave to its corresponding danger:

<p>Infrared = Burns Ultraviolet = Sunburn (risk of cancer) X-rays = Cancer risk Microwaves = Painful burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

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