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Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes contact forces from non-contact forces?
Which of the following is an example of a fluid pressure?
What is the principle that states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions?
What is the approximate atmospheric pressure at sea level?
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Which of the following factors does not affect atmospheric pressure?
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What is the purpose of a barometer in measuring atmospheric pressure?
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Study Notes
Types of Forces
-
Contact Forces: Forces that act through physical contact between objects, e.g.:
- Frictional force
- Normal force
- Tension force
- Air resistance force
-
Non-Contact Forces: Forces that act without physical contact between objects, e.g.:
- Gravitational force
- Electromagnetic force
- Magnetic force
Pressure in Fluids
- Pressure: Force per unit area, measured in Pascals (Pa) or pounds per square inch (psi)
-
Fluid Pressure: Pressure exerted by a fluid (liquid or gas) on an object, e.g.:
- Hydrostatic pressure in a liquid
- Air pressure in a gas
- Pascal's Principle: Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions and to the walls of the container
Atmospheric Pressure
- Atmospheric Pressure: Pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere on the Earth's surface, approximately 1013 mbar or 1 atm
-
Factors Affecting Atmospheric Pressure:
- Altitude: Decreases with increasing altitude
- Weather: Changes with weather patterns, e.g. high pressure in clear weather, low pressure in storms
- Temperature: Increases with increasing temperature
-
Measurement of Atmospheric Pressure: Using barometers, e.g.:
- Mercury barometer
- Aneroid barometer
- Digital barometer
Types of Forces
- Contact forces act through physical contact between objects and include frictional force, normal force, tension force, and air resistance force
- Non-contact forces act without physical contact between objects and include gravitational force, electromagnetic force, and magnetic force
Pressure in Fluids
Definition of Pressure
- Pressure is force per unit area, measured in Pascals (Pa) or pounds per square inch (psi)
Fluid Pressure
- Fluid pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid (liquid or gas) on an object
- Examples of fluid pressure include hydrostatic pressure in a liquid and air pressure in a gas
Pascal's Principle
- Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions and to the walls of the container
Atmospheric Pressure
Definition of Atmospheric Pressure
- Atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere on the Earth's surface
Facts About Atmospheric Pressure
- Atmospheric pressure is approximately 1013 mbar or 1 atm
- Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude
- Atmospheric pressure changes with weather patterns (high pressure in clear weather, low pressure in storms)
- Atmospheric pressure increases with increasing temperature
Measurement of Atmospheric Pressure
- Atmospheric pressure can be measured using barometers
- Types of barometers include:
- Mercury barometer
- Aneroid barometer
- Digital barometer
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Description
Understand the different types of forces, including contact and non-contact forces, and learn about pressure in fluids, including the concept of fluid pressure and its measurement.
