Physics Stopping Distances and Momentum
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Questions and Answers

What is the formula for calculating stopping distance?

  • Stopping distance = weight x acceleration
  • Stopping distance = breaking distance - thinking distance
  • Stopping distance = mass x velocity
  • Stopping distance = thinking distance + breaking distance (correct)

    • Total momentum before = total momentum after.

    True

    If a vehicle has a mass of 1200 kg and is traveling at a speed of 15 m/s, what is its momentum?

    18000 kgm/s

    The law stating that every action has an equal and opposite reaction is known as __________.

    <p>Newton's Third Law of Motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following laws of motion with their descriptions:

    <p>Newton's First Law = An object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton's Second Law = The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied. Newton's Third Law = For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    State Newton's First Law of Motion:

    <p>If the forces are balanced, the object is either still or travelling at a constant speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    State why a rocket continues moving at a constant speed after turning off its thrusters.

    The rocket has ______ forces, so it can travel at a _____ speed. This is in reference to Newton's ____ law of motion.

    <p>balanced, constant, first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The resultant force is ___ to the _____ (direction)

    <p>calculated, right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Inertia?

    <p>A measure of how difficult it is to change an object's velocity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is inertia?

    <p>A measure of how difficult it is to change an object's velocity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In relation to Inertia, _____ objects are harder to "get going"/stop

    <p>heavier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of mass?

    <p>The quantity of matter there is in an object/the particles you are made up of</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of mass?

    <p>The quantity of matter there is in an object/the particles you are made up of</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of weight?

    <p>A measure of the pull of gravity of an object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of weight?

    <p>A measure of the pull of gravity on an object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Weight = ____ x _______ ____ _____

    <p>mass, gravitational field strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A space probe has a weight of 3000 N on the earth. What is its mass?

    <p>300 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    State Newton's Second Law of Motion:

    <p>If the forces are unbalanced, the object will accelerate in the direction of the largest force (resultant force).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is acceleration?

    <p>The rate of change of velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is acceleration?

    <p>The rate of change of velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Force = ____ x ________

    <p>mass, acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A motorcycle has a mass of 200 kg. What force is needed to give it an acceleration of 7 m/s?

    <p>1400 N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Acceleration = (_____ Velocity - _____ Velocity) / ____ _____

    <p>Final, Initial, time taken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an experiment you are asked to calculate the acceleration of a car from the start to the end of a track. You are provided with speed cameras, a stopwatch as well as any other additional equipment you may need.

    I would use _ speed cameras, one to measure the _____ velocity at the start and the other at the end measuring the ____ velocity. I would use a visual signal such as a ___ to show when the car passes through the first speed camera. I would use the _______ to calculate the time taken for the car to drive from the start to the end of the track. I would use the equation: (final velocity - initial velocity)/___ ____ to calculate the acceleration. I would then _____ the experiment as well as working out the ______ acceleration.

    <p>2, initial, final, flag, stopwatch, time taken, repeat, average</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the acceleration of a space rocket that accelerates from 10 m/s to 90 m/s in 4 seconds?

    <p>20 m/s²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the momentum equation?

    Force = _____ __ ___/ _____

    <p>Change in momentum, time taken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 2000 kg car accelerates from 10 m/s to 25 m/s in 10 seconds. What resultant force produced this acceleration?

    <p>3000N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is momentum?

    <p>A measure of how easy it is to stop something that is already moving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is momentum?

    <p>A measure of how easy it is to stop something that is already moving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Momentum is always conserved.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Momentum = ____ x ______

    <p>mass, velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A car of mass 1250 kg traveling at 25 m/s crashes into the back of a lorry with a mass of 3000 kg that has stopped at some traffic lights. How fast do they move off together after the crash?

    <p>8.1 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Stopping Distances

    • Stopping distance considers thinking distance and breaking distance
    • Thinking distance is the distance a driver travels whilst reacting to a hazard
    • Breaking distance is the distance taken to stop after a driver applies the brakes
    • Thinking distance depends on reaction time and speed
    • Breaking distance depends on the speed of the vehicle and friction between the tires and the road

    Momentum

    • Momentum is a measure of how easy it is to stop something that is already moving
    • Momentum is always conserved
    • Momentum is a vector quantity (has magnitude and direction)
    • Momentum = mass x velocity (p = mv)

    Newton's First Law of Motion

    • If forces are balanced, an object is either at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight line
    • If forces are unbalanced, the object will accelerate in the direction of the resultant force

    Newton's Second Law of Motion

    • The resultant force on an object is proportional to the rate of change of momentum
    • Force = mass x acceleration (F = ma)
    • Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object
    • Weight = mass x gravitational field strength (W = mg)

    Newton's Third Law of Motion

    • Action and reaction forces are equal and opposite
    • Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
    • Forces always act on different objects

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts related to stopping distances, momentum, and Newton's laws of motion. Test your understanding of how speeding, reaction times, and forces affect movement and stopping. Perfect for students looking to strengthen their grasp on physics principles.

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