Physics Standard Form and SI Units Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the standard form representation of 0.000456?

  • 45.6 x 10⁻⁵
  • 4.56 x 10⁻⁴ (correct)
  • 4.56 x 10⁻³
  • 4.56 x 10³

Which of the following is NOT a quantity typically expressed in standard form?

  • Three megajoules (MJ)
  • Six microcoulombs (µC)
  • One kilometer (km)
  • A dog's speed (correct)

What is 16800 expressed in standard form?

  • 1.68 x 10³
  • 1.68 x 10²
  • 16.8 x 10³
  • 1.68 x 10⁴ (correct)

What is the standard form representation of 0.000000023?

<p>2.3 x 10⁻⁸ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a value is expressed as $7.5 \times 10^{-6}$, what is that number in decimal form?

<p>0.0000075 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two components that make up a physical quantity?

<p>Numerical magnitude and unit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a base quantity in the SI system?

<p>force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature?

<p>kelvin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct prefix for $10^9$?

<p>giga- (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the primary focus of Physics?

<p>The study of matter and its interactions with energy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the smallest unit?

<p>nano- (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to have standardized units like the SI units?

<p>To have a universal standard for taking measurements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided text, what is a crucial aspect of scientific experiments in Physics?

<p>Making accurate measurements to get reliable results. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for the amount of substance?

<p>mole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is 0.001 meters best expressed using a prefix?

<p>1 millimeter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT an area of study within Physics, as listed in the text?

<p>Genetics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct symbol for the prefix 'micro-'?

<p>µ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following prefixes represents the smallest value?

<p>nano (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do 'Disciplinary Ideas' play in the study of Physics?

<p>They are the overarching concepts that can be applied to explain phenomena. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A distance of one million meters can be conveniently expressed as

<p>1 Mm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'kilo' (k) represent?

<p>$10^3$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of chemistry, what does one mole contain?

<p>6.02 × $10^{23}$ particles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are matter and energy related?

<p>Physics is the study of the relationship between them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text indicate about the process of gaining knowledge in Physics?

<p>It is the result of collaborative work and experiments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the diagram, which field is NOT directly connected to the study of matter's properties?

<p>Radioactivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of models in the context of Physics, as mentioned in the text?

<p>To explain scientific observations and theories. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for length?

<p>Metre (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the closest order of magnitude to the diameter of a wire?

<p>$10^{-2} m$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the least suitable instrument to measure the diameter of a tree trunk?

<p>A ruler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these has the smallest order of magnitude?

<p>Radius of a hydrogen nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately what is the order of magnitude of the length of a football field?

<p>$10^{2} m$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digital micrometer screw gauge is responsible for ensuring the spindle makes contact with the object?

<p>Ratchet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest division measurable by a digital micrometer screw gauge as shown in the table?

<p>0.001 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When recording a measurement from a digital micrometer screw gauge, to what level of precision should you record?

<p>0.01 mm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you determine the thickness of a single sheet of paper?

<p>Measure the thickness of a stack of paper and divide by the number of sheets. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided content, which instrument has the smallest measuring range?

<p>Digital Micrometer Screw Gauge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precision of measurement for a digital caliper, as mentioned in the instructions for recording measurements?

<p>0.1 mm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these instruments typically measures volumes of liquids to the nearest 0.05 cm³?

<p>Burette (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precision of a metre rule according to the content?

<p>1mm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to position your eyes directly above a meter rule when taking a measurement?

<p>To avoid parallax errors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A meter rule has wear at the zero mark. What is the recommended method to use this ruler for accurate measurements?

<p>Start measuring from a known point on the ruler, and subtract it from the final reading. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a complete back-and-forth movement of a pendulum?

<p>Oscillation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an experiment involving a pendulum is carried out, and a fixed error is found associated with the equipment, what can be said of this error?

<p>This is an example of a systematic error. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the key difference between random errors and systematic errors?

<p>Random errors vary in an unpredictable manner, while systematic errors are constant. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measuring instrument is most suitable for determining the circumference of a cylindrical object?

<p>Steel measuring tape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the locking screw on digital calipers?

<p>To ensure the jaws do not move after a measurement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digital calipers is used to measure the depth of a hole?

<p>Tail (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you needed to measure the internal diameter of a pipe or tube, which part of the digital calipers would you use?

<p>Inside jaws (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the zero button on digital calipers?

<p>To reset the measurement displayed on the digital display to zero (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measurement is typically taken using a metre rule?

<p>The length of a table (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate way to measure the external width of a book?

<p>Using digital calipers’ outside jaws (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should you be careful when using digital calipers to grip an object?

<p>To avoid causing damage to the object or the calipers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Physical Quantity

A quantity that can be measured. It consists of two parts: a numerical magnitude and a unit.

SI Units

A system of standardised units used for measurements worldwide.

Numerical Magnitude

The numerical part of a measurement.

Unit

The standard unit used for a physical quantity, like 'm' for meters.

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Meter (m)

The base unit of length in the SI system.

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Kilogram (kg)

The base unit of mass in the SI system.

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Second (s)

The base unit of time in the SI system.

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Milli (m)

A prefix that means one-thousandth (1/1000).

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What is Physics?

The study of the natural world, from the very large (e.g., the solar system) to the very small (e.g., the atom).

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Matter

The fundamental building blocks of the universe, which have properties such as mass, volume, and density.

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Energy

The ability to do work or cause change, often measured in Joules.

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Force

The ability to influence the motion of other objects.

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Wave

A disturbance that travels through a medium or space, transferring energy without transferring matter.

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Conservation Laws

Principles that state that certain quantities, like energy and momentum, remain constant in a closed system.

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Microscopic Models

Models used to understand and explain phenomena at the microscopic level, often involving atoms and molecules.

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General Physics

The study of the properties and interactions of matter, including its motion, energy, and forces.

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Standard Form

A way of expressing a number by multiplying a number between 1 and 10 with an appropriate power of 10. Used to express very large or very small numbers in a concise way.

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1.3 x 10^-5 m

A standard form expression for denoting the length of the world's smallest playable guitar.

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What is Usain Bolt's average speed?

The speed of a runner who completes a 100 meter sprint in 9.58 seconds.

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Converting m/s to km/h

The conversion of Usain Bolt's speed from meters per second to kilometers per hour.

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Expressing Avogadro's number in standard form

The process of expressing a large number, such as Avogadro's number, in standard form by moving the decimal point to the left and multiplying by the appropriate power of 10

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Giga (G)

A prefix used in the International System of Units (SI) to indicate a factor of 1,000,000,000 (10^9).

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Nano (n)

A prefix used in the International System of Units (SI) to indicate a factor of 1/1,000,000,000 (10^-9).

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Mega (M)

A prefix used in the International System of Units (SI) to indicate a factor of 1,000,000 (10^6) indicating a large quantity.

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Micro (µ)

A prefix used in the International System of Units (SI) to indicate a factor of 1/1,000,000 (10^-6).

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Kilo (k)

A prefix used in the International System of Units (SI) to indicate a factor of 1,000 (10^3).

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Diameter of a Curved Object

The measurement of the distance between two points on a curved surface, like the diameter of a tree trunk.

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What is a Ruler?

A measuring tool used to determine the length of straight objects. It is marked with units of measurement (cm, inches, etc.)

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What is Measuring Tape?

A flexible tape used to measure lengths of curved objects like a tree trunk, measuring circumference, or measuring long distances.

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What is a Meter?

The SI unit for length, representing the distance light travels in a vacuum in a specific fraction of a second.

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How to Measure Curved Length

A method of determining the length of a curved object by using a measuring tape or string and then comparing that measurement to a ruler.

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Digital Micrometer Screw Gauge

A tool used to measure the diameter of small objects with high precision.

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Precision of an Instrument

The smallest unit an instrument can measure, representing its level of precision.

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Anvil (Micrometer Screw Gauge)

The part of the micrometer gauge that holds the object being measured.

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Spindle (Micrometer Screw Gauge)

The moveable part of the micrometer gauge that contacts the object.

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Ratchet (Micrometer Screw Gauge)

The mechanism in the micrometer gauge that tightens the spindle against the object.

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Digital Display (Micrometer Screw Gauge)

The part of the micrometer gauge that displays the measured value.

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Thimble (Micrometer Screw Gauge)

The part of the micrometer gauge that helps with the scale reading.

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Estimating Paper Thickness

The process of measuring the thickness of a stack of paper and dividing by the number of sheets to estimate a single sheet's thickness.

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Meter rule

A measuring tool used for lengths up to one meter.

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Measuring tape

A flexible tape used for measuring longer distances, often curved surfaces.

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Digital calipers

A tool used to accurately measure the internal and external diameters of objects, displaying the measurement digitally.

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Inside jaws

The parts of the calipers used to measure the distance between two inner surfaces of an object.

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Outside jaws

The parts of the calipers used to measure the distance between two outer surfaces of an object.

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Locking screw

A feature of digital calipers that prevents the jaws from moving apart during a measurement.

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Digital display

The part of the digital calipers that displays the measured value numerically.

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Tail

The part of the digital calipers used to measure the depth of an object.

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Parallax Error

A type of error that occurs due to the incorrect positioning of the observer's eye while taking a measurement. This leads to an inaccurate reading because the line of sight is not perpendicular to the scale.

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Simple Pendulum

A simple device used to measure time intervals. It consists of a weighted object (bob) hanging from a string and swinging back and forth at a regular interval. Each complete swing is called an oscillation.

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Random Errors

Errors that occur randomly in each measurement and vary unpredictably. They cannot be avoided completely but tend to cluster around the true value, making their average a good estimate.

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Systematic Errors

Errors that remain constant in every measurement and do not change. They can be caused by faulty equipment or incorrect calibration.

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Taking Multiple Readings

The process of minimizing errors by taking multiple readings of the same measurement and calculating the average. This helps to reduce the impact of both random and systematic errors.

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Study Notes

Standard Form

  • Another convenient way of expressing physical quantities is to use standard form.
  • A standard form is a way of writing numbers, in which a number between 1 to 10 is multiplied by an appropriate power of 10.
  • Example: 0.00567 = 5.67 x 10-3, 16 800 = 1.68 x 104

Prefixes for SI Units

  • Using decimal notation, the distance between air molecules can be expressed as 0.000 000 001 m.

  • Instead of using decimal notation, it is more convenient to use prefixes to represent quantities.

  • Example: For example, when measuring short distances such as 1/1,000,000 of a metre, we simply express it as one micrometre.

  • 1 x 10-6 m (micrometre)

  • If you have 1 000 000 000 metres, we simply express it as one terametre.

  • 1 x 1012 m (terametre)

Table 1.2 Some common prefixes and their symbols

Multiplies Factor Prefix Symbol
1012 1012 tera- T
109 109 giga- G
106 106 mega- M
103 103 kilo- k
10-1 10-1 deci- d
10-2 10-2 centi- c
10-3 10-3 milli- m
10-6 10-6 micro- μ
10-9 10-9 nano- n

Physical Quantities

  • A physical quantity typically consists of a numerical magnitude and a unit.
  • Example: 4.5 m (4.5 is the numerical magnitude, and m is the unit).

Base Quantities and SI Units

Base Quantity SI Unit Symbol
length metre m
mass kilogram kg
time second s
electric current ampere A
thermodynamic temperature kelvin K
amount of substance mole mol

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Test your knowledge on the standard form representation of numbers and the SI unit system with this quiz. It covers various aspects of physics, including base quantities, prefixes, and the importance of standardized units. Ideal for students looking to reinforce their understanding of these fundamental concepts in physics.

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