30 Questions
What is the definition of range in the context of projectile motion?
The horizontal displacement of a projectile
What is the definition of relative density?
The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a standard substance
What is the restoring force?
A force that tends to restore a body from its displacement to its equilibrium position
What is rolling friction?
Friction between rotating surfaces without sliding or slipping
What does the term 'scalar quantities' refer to in physics?
Physical quantities that involve only magnitude and no direction
What does the second law of thermodynamics limit?
The efficiency of heat engines
What is the measure of the force of gravity exerted by Earth on a body?
Weight
What is the type of friction preventing relative motion between surfaces?
Static friction
What is a disturbance propagating in a medium or in vacuum, carrying energy with it?
Wave
What is the constant velocity a free falling object has when the drag force equals the weight of the object, stopping the object from accelerating?
Terminal velocity
What is a dimensionless vector with a magnitude of 1?
Unit vector
What is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance one degree?
Specific heat
What is the effectiveness of a force in rotating a body on which it acts?
Torque
What does the zeroth law of thermodynamics state?
Two bodies are in thermal equilibrium if they have the same temperature
What is a quantitative measure of errors from multiple measurements of a physical quantity?
Variance
What is the type of periodic motion where the restoring force is proportional to the displacement of the body from its equilibrium position?
Simple harmonic motion
What is the distance from an axis of rotation where the mass of a body may be assumed to be concentrated without altering the moment of inertia of the body about that axis?
Radius of gyration
What is the type of friction occurring when one surface rotates as it moves over another without sliding or slipping at the point or area of contact?
Rolling friction
Which physical quantity can be described completely by its magnitude and appropriate units?
Scalar quantities
What does the second law of thermodynamics limit?
The amount of work a heat engine can do for a certain amount of heat
What is a force that tends to restore a body from its displacement to its equilibrium position?
Restoring force
What is the horizontal displacement of a projectile called?
Range
What is the measure of the force of gravity exerted by Earth on a body?
Weight
What is the type of friction preventing relative motion between surfaces?
Static friction
What is a disturbance propagating in a medium or in vacuum, carrying energy with it?
Wave
What does the zeroth law of thermodynamics state?
Two bodies are said to be in thermal equilibrium if they have the same temperature
What is the curved path of a projectile called?
Trajectory
What is the constant velocity a free falling object has when the drag force equals the weight of the object, stopping the object from accelerating?
Terminal velocity
What is the type of periodic motion where the restoring force is proportional to the displacement of the body from its equilibrium position?
Simple harmonic motion
'A dimensionless vector with a magnitude of 1' refers to which physical quantity?
Unit vector
Study Notes
Projectile Motion
- Range is the maximum horizontal distance a projectile can travel.
Density
- Relative density is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water.
Forces
- Restoring force is a force that tends to restore a body from its displacement to its equilibrium position.
- Rolling friction is the type of friction occurring when one surface rotates as it moves over another without sliding or slipping at the point or area of contact.
Scalars and Vectors
- Scalar quantities are physical quantities that can be described completely by their magnitude and appropriate units.
- A dimensionless vector with a magnitude of 1 refers to a unit vector.
Thermodynamics
- The second law of thermodynamics limits the direction of spontaneous processes, such as heat transfer from a hotter body to a colder body.
- The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Measurement
- The amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree is known as specific heat capacity.
- The effectiveness of a force in rotating a body on which it acts is known as torque.
Gravity
- The measure of the force of gravity exerted by Earth on a body is known as weight.
Motion
- The curved path of a projectile is known as a trajectory.
- The horizontal displacement of a projectile is known as its range.
- A disturbance propagating in a medium or in vacuum, carrying energy with it, is known as a wave.
Other
- The type of friction preventing relative motion between surfaces is known as static friction.
- The constant velocity a free falling object has when the drag force equals the weight of the object, stopping the object from accelerating, is known as terminal velocity.
- The distance from an axis of rotation where the mass of a body may be assumed to be concentrated without altering the moment of inertia of the body about that axis is known as the radius of gyration.
- A quantitative measure of errors from multiple measurements of a physical quantity is known as the standard error.
Test your knowledge of physics concepts related to projectiles, radius of gyration, random errors, range, and relative density. This quiz covers the principles and terminology associated with these topics.
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