Physics: Newton's Three Laws of Motion

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Questions and Answers

According to Newton's First Law, what is required to change the state of motion of an object?

A change in the object's mass
A balanced external force
An unbalanced external force (correct)
A change in the object's internal energy

Which statement accurately reflects Newton's Second Law of Motion?

Mass and force are independent of acceleration
Acceleration is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to mass (correct)
Force is inversely proportional to acceleration and directly proportional to mass
Acceleration is directly proportional to mass and inversely proportional to force

In the context of Newton's Third Law, when a hammer hits a nail, what occurs?

The nail exerts a greater force on the hammer
The hammer and the nail exert equal forces on each other in opposite directions (correct)
No forces are exerted until the nail moves
The hammer exerts a greater force on the nail

If the same force is applied to two objects, one with a mass of 5 kg and another with a mass of 10 kg, which object will experience a greater acceleration?

<p>The object with 5 kg mass will accelerate more (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A satellite maintains its motion in orbit around the Earth due to its inertia, and this is a good demonstration of which of Newton’s Laws?

<p>Newton's First Law primarily (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Newton's First Law of Motion (Law of Inertia)

An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion at the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Newton's Second Law of Motion (Law of Acceleration)

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.

Newton's Third Law of Motion (Action-Reaction Law)

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.

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Mass

A measure of the amount of matter in an object.

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Study Notes

Newton's Three Laws of Motion

First Law (Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This means no change in motion without a force.
Example (Inertia): A book on a table stays still unless pushed.
Second Law (Acceleration): The acceleration of an object depends on its mass and the force applied to it.
Mathematical form: Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma)
Implication: Greater force equals greater acceleration; heavier objects need more force for the same acceleration.
Example (Acceleration): A truck needs more force to accelerate than a bicycle.
Third Law (Action-Reaction): Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Forces always occur in pairs; when one object exerts force on another, the second exerts equal force back.
Example (Action-Reaction): Pushing a wall causes the wall to push back equally.