Physics: Motion in a Straight Line
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Questions and Answers

What is the average speed when two distances are covered at speeds of 40 km/h and 60 km/h?

  • 48 km/h (correct)
  • 60 km/h
  • 45 km/h
  • 50 km/h

    • Velocity can be negative depending on the direction of displacement.

    True

    What is the formula for calculating average velocity?

    displacement / total time

    To convert km/h into m/s, you need to multiply by ______.

    <p>5/18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Speed = Distance travelled per unit time in any direction Velocity = Distance travelled per unit time in a given direction Acceleration = Rate of change of velocity Instantaneous velocity = Velocity at a specific moment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about instantaneous acceleration?

    <p>It is the acceleration at a given instant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Uniform acceleration means that the velocity of the object changes by unequal amounts in equal intervals of time.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the S.I unit of acceleration?

    <p>m/s²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following physical quantities is considered a vector?

    <p>Velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Displacement can be negative or zero.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as motion in one-dimensional motion?

    <p>Motion restricted to a straight line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An object is said to be at ______ if its position does not change with respect to time.

    <p>rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a horizontal line on a velocity-time graph indicate?

    <p>The object is at rest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the terms with their definitions:

    <p>Distance = Length of the actual path traveled regardless of direction Displacement = Shortest distance between the initial and final positions Scalar = Quantity having only magnitude Vector = Quantity having both magnitude and direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A steeper velocity-time graph means the object has lower acceleration.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about distance?

    <p>Distance is always positive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for finding the distance s traveled by an object?

    <p>s = ut + (1/2)at²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a frame of reference?

    <p>A set of axes from which the state of a body is observed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The area under a velocity-time graph represents __________.

    <p>distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An object can be treated as a point object if its distance traveled is very small compared to its size.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each type of line on a velocity-time graph with its meaning:

    <p>Horizontal = Object is at rest Downward sloping = Object is returning to start Upward sloping = Object is accelerating Vertical = Invalid representation in motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the equation v = u + at, what does 'u' represent?

    <p>Initial velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The area of a trapezium on a velocity-time graph directly gives the displacement of the object.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'displacement' distinguish from 'distance'?

    <p>Displacement considers direction, while distance is the total path traveled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for the position-velocity relation of an object under uniform acceleration?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The acceleration due to gravity is always positive regardless of the direction of the object's motion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate value of acceleration due to gravity (g) at Earth's surface?

    <p>9.8 m/s²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The third equation of motion can be expressed as __________.

    <p>v² - u² = 2as</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following variables with their corresponding meanings:

    <p>s = Distance traveled by the object v = Final velocity u = Initial velocity g = Acceleration due to gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for average speed when two different speeds are involved?

    <p>$\frac{v_1 t_1 + v_2 t_2}{t_1 + t_2}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A particle moving at uniform speed covers different distances in equal time intervals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a car covers 1 km at 40 km/h and the next 1 km at 60 km/h, what is the average speed?

    <p>48 km/h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The distance covered by an object moving with uniform speed in a given time is calculated using the formula: __________.

    <p>distance = speed × time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the displacement when a particle returns to its starting position?

    <p>Zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a particle travels a total distance of 10 m with 5 m at 2 m/s and the other 5 m at 3 m/s, the average speed can be calculated using $\frac{10 m}{5 s}$.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    On a position-time graph, the instantaneous position of a particle is plotted on the __________ axis.

    <p>y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Motion in a Straight Line

    • An object is in motion if its position changes over time, relative to an observer. Otherwise, it is at rest.
    • A point object is a small object whose size is negligible compared to the distance it travels.
    • A frame of reference is a set of axes used to observe and measure the position of an object.
    • One-dimensional motion occurs along a straight line. Examples include a train on a track.
    • Two-dimensional motion occurs in a plane. Examples include a boat on a lake.
    • Three-dimensional motion happens in space. Examples include a butterfly in flight.

    Distance vs. Displacement

    • Distance is the total length of the path traveled, regardless of direction.
    • Displacement is the shortest straight-line distance between the initial and final positions.
    • Displacement is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude (length) and direction. Distance is a scalar quantity, having only magnitude.
    • Displacement can be positive, negative, or zero. Distance is always positive.

    Speed and Velocity

    • Speed is the rate at which distance is covered. It is a scalar quantity and is always positive or zero.
    • Velocity is the rate of change of displacement. It is a vector quantity and can be positive, negative, or zero.
    • Average speed is calculated by dividing the total distance by the total time.
    • Average velocity is calculated by dividing the total displacement by the total time.
    • Instantaneous speed is the speed at a specific instant in time.
    • Instantaneous velocity is the velocity at a specific instant in time.

    Acceleration

    • Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. It's a vector quantity.
    • Uniform acceleration means the velocity changes by equal amounts in equal time intervals.
    • Instantaneous acceleration is the acceleration at a specific instant in time.

    Graphs of Motion

    • Position-time graph: plots position versus time. The slope of the graph represents velocity.
    • Velocity-time graph: plots velocity versus time. The slope of the graph represents acceleration. The area under the graph represents displacement.
    • Acceleration-time graph: plots acceleration versus time. The slope of the graph is the rate of change of acceleration. The area under the graph represents the change in velocity.

    Equations of Motion

    • The equations of motion describe how an object's position, velocity, and acceleration change over time, under the influence of a constant acceleration.

    Free-falling bodies

    • When an object falls under the influence of only gravity, its motion is called free fall.
    • The acceleration of a free-falling body is due to gravity and is a constant.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the concepts of motion, distance, and displacement. It covers one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional motion, along with definitions and differences between distance and displacement. Test your understanding of these fundamental physics principles!

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