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Questions and Answers
What is the unit of speed in the International System of Units?
An object moves in a straight line with constant speed. What can be said about its acceleration?
Which of the following represents uniform motion?
If an object is thrown upwards, what is the direction of its acceleration?
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Which of the following quantities is a vector?
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A car travels 60 kilometers in 1 hour. What is its average speed?
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What does a steeper slope on a distance-time graph indicate?
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What is the formula for calculating acceleration?
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Which principle explains why a heavy object and a light object fall at the same rate in a vacuum?
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What is the total distance covered by an object that moves 10 meters North, then 5 meters South?
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In free fall, what is the primary force acting on an object?
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An object is moving in a circular path. What type of acceleration is it experiencing?
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What is the initial velocity of an object dropped from rest?
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Which of the following equations represents the first law of motion?
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In the absence of air resistance, all objects fall with the same constant acceleration due to gravity. What is this acceleration?
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What happens to the distance travelled by an object under constant acceleration?
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How can the concept of inertia be described?
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Which type of motion involves a change in direction only?
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What type of graph represents the relationship between distance and time?
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If a car accelerates from 20 m/s to 40 m/s in 5 seconds, what is its acceleration?
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An object moving in a straight line travels 100 meters in 10 seconds. What is its average speed?
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What is the difference between speed and velocity?
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What is the term for the rate of change of velocity?
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When an object is in motion and a force acts on it, what can the force cause?
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If an object moves 50 meters east and then 30 meters west, what is its total displacement?
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Which of the following statements about acceleration is correct?
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What is the formula for calculating distance in uniformly accelerated motion?
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An object undergoes free fall. Neglecting air resistance, which of the following statements is true?
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How is velocity defined?
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What type of motion does a pendulum exhibit?
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If a cyclist moves in a circular track at a constant speed, what type of acceleration is he experiencing?
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What is the velocity of an object that travels 240 meters in 2 minutes?
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In an experiment, a ball rolls down an inclined plane. What type of energy is primarily converted into kinetic energy?
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At what point in its motion does an object thrown upwards have zero velocity?
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What is the acceleration of an object moving in a straight line at constant speed?
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A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a building. Which of the following forces acts on it during its flight?
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The area under a velocity-time graph represents which of the following?
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During which phase of projectile motion is the vertical velocity zero?
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What is the term used for the motion of an object around a center or axis?
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What is the primary cause of the force of friction?
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Which equation would you use to calculate the distance covered by a body in free fall after falling for 4 seconds?
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In circular motion, as the speed increases, what happens to the centripetal force required to maintain the motion?
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A car moving at a speed of 20 m/s comes to a stop in 5 seconds. What is its deceleration?
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What is the motion of an object in free fall called?
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Study Notes
### Motion
- Motion is the change in position of an object over time.
- Linear motion is movement in a straight line.
- Non-linear motion is movement that does not follow a straight line.
- Uniform motion is when an object travels at a constant speed in a straight line.
- Non-uniform motion is when an object travels at a varying speed or changes direction.
- Displacement is the shortest distance between an initial point and a final point. It is a vector quantity.
- Speed is the rate of change of distance.
- Velocity is the rate of change of displacement.
- Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
- Distance is the total path covered by an object. It is a scalar quantity.
- Uniform acceleration is when an object's velocity changes by the same amount each second.
- Non-uniform acceleration is when an object's velocity changes by a different amount each second.
- Projectile motion is the motion of an object projected into the air.
- Air resistance is a force that opposes the motion of an object through the air.
### Equations of Motion
-
First equation of motion: v = u + at
- v is final velocity; u is initial velocity, a is acceleration, t is time.
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Second equation of motion: s = ut + 1/2 at²
- s is displacement, u is initial velocity, a is acceleration, t is time.
-
Third equation of motion: v² = u² + 2as
- v is final velocity; u is initial velocity, a is acceleration, s is displacement.
### Graphs of Motion
- Distance-time graph: The gradient of a distance-time graph represents speed.
- Displacement-time graph: The gradient of a displacement-time graph represents velocity.
- Velocity-time graph: The gradient of a velocity-time graph represents acceleration.
- The area under a velocity-time graph represents the displacement.
### Newton's Laws of Motion
- Newton's First Law of Motion (law of inertia): An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net force.
- Newton's Second Law of Motion: The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
- Newton's Third Law of Motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
- Momentum is the product of mass and velocity. It is a vector quantity.
- Impulse is the change in momentum of an object.
### Work, Energy and Power
- Work is done when a force causes a displacement.
- Energy is the ability to do work.
- Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
- Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to it's position or state.
- Power is the rate of doing work or the rate at which energy is transferred.
- Efficiency is the ratio of useful work output to total energy input.
### Circular Motion
- Circular motion is motion in a circular path at a constant speed.
- Centripetal force is a force acting towards the center of the circle that keeps an object moving in a circular path.
- Centripetal acceleration is the acceleration experienced by an object in circular motion.
- Angular velocity is the rate of change of angular displacement.
- Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity.
### Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
- Simple harmonic motion is a periodic motion where the restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium and is always directed towards equilibrium.
- Period (T) is the time taken for one complete oscillation.
- Frequency (f) is the number of oscillations per second.
- Amplitude is the maximum displacement from equilibrium.
- Displacement is the distance from the equilibrium position.
Gravitation
- Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation: Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
- Gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass experienced by a mass in a gravitational field.
- Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration experienced by an object in free fall due to the Earth's gravitational field.
- Orbital velocity is the velocity of an object in orbit.
- Escape velocity is the minimum velocity required for an object to escape the gravitational pull of a celestial body.
Fluid Mechanics
- Fluid is a substance that can flow.
- Pressure is the force per unit area.
- Density is the mass per unit volume.
- Archimedes' Principle: The buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
- Pascal's Principle: Pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every point in the fluid.
- Buoyant force is an upward force exerted on an object submerged in a fluid.
- Viscosity is the resistance to flow of a fluid.
- Surface tension is the force that causes the surface of a liquid to contract.
- Terminal velocity is the constant velocity reached by a falling object when the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity.
### Heat
- Heat is the transfer of thermal energy.
- Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
- Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
- Latent heat is the amount of heat required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature.
- Conduction is the transfer of heat through a substance by direct contact.
- Convection is the transfer of heat through a fluid by movement of the fluid.
- Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.
### Sound
- Sound is a form of mechanical energy that travels in waves.
- Sound waves are longitudinal waves, meaning the vibrations of the particles are parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
- Frequency is the number of waves passing a point per second.
- Wavelength is the distance between two successive crests or troughs.
- Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a particle from its rest position.
- Intensity is the power per unit area.
- Speed of sound depends on the medium. Generally, sound travels faster in solids than liquids and faster in liquids than gasses.
- Echo is a reflected sound wave.
- Doppler effect is the apparent change in frequency of a sound wave due to the relative motion between the source and the observer.
Light
- Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation.
- Reflection is the bouncing back of light from a surface.
- Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.
- Diffraction is the spreading of light waves as they pass through an opening or around an obstacle.
- Interference is the superposition of two or more waves.
- Polarization is the restriction of light waves to vibrate in a single plane.
- The electromagnetic spectrum covers a range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
Magnetism
- Magnetic poles are regions of a magnet where the magnetic force is strongest.
- Magnetic field lines are lines that show the direction of the magnetic force.
- The Earth's magnetic field is caused by the movement of molten iron in the Earth's core.
- Electromagnetism is the interaction between electricity and magnetism.
- Electromagnetic induction is the production of an electric current by a changing magnetic field.
### Electricity
- Static electricity is the buildup of electrical charges on a surface.
- Current electricity is the flow of electrical charges.
- Voltage is the electrical potential difference between two points.
- Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current.
- Ohm's Law: The current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it and inversely proportional to its resistance.
- Power in an electrical circuit is the rate at which electrical energy is converted into other forms of energy.
- Electrical energy is the energy stored in the electric field of a charged object.
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Description
Test your understanding of motion concepts including linear, non-linear, and uniform motion. This quiz covers key definitions such as displacement, speed, velocity, and more. Perfect for physics students looking to solidify their knowledge in this fundamental area.
