Physics Lesson 1: Electric Charge and Fields
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Questions and Answers

What does conservation of electric charge state?

  • The total charge decreases over time.
  • Charge can be created or destroyed.
  • The total charge can vary with physical processes.
  • The total charge in the universe is constant. (correct)

    • What is the key difference between conductors and insulators?

  • Conductors allow charges to remain stationary while insulators permit movement.
  • Insulators provide better conductivity than conductors.
  • Conductors prevent any electric flow while insulators allow it.
  • Conductors allow charges to move freely while insulators do not. (correct)

    • Which of the following best describes a superconductor?

  • Material that offers infinite conductivity at a critical temperature. (correct)
  • Material that acts as an insulator in all conditions.
  • Material that behaves like a conductor or an insulator based on conditions.
  • Material that can conduct electricity at high temperatures.

    • What is the formula that represents Coulomb's Law?

    <p>$F = k \frac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the strength of an electric field relate to the field lines?

    <p>More field lines and closer lines indicate a stronger electric field. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes charge?

    <p>Charge is quantized and is always an integer multiple of the charge of an electron or proton. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given two point charges, if one has a charge of 4.0μC and the other -2.0μC, what is the nature of the force acting between them?

    <p>Attractive force because one charge is negative. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a semiconductor?

    <p>Material that can function as either a conductor or an insulator based on conditions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Disclaimer

    • The presentation, including examples, images, and references, is for informational purposes only
    • Credits are to be given to the open-source images used
    • The presentation will not be used for promotional activities

    Lesson 1

    • The lesson covers electric charge, Coulomb's law, electric field, and electric flux

    Electric Charge

    • The word "electric" comes from the Greek word "elektron" which means "amber"
    • Charge is quantized
    • Every charge object to date is a whole number multiple of the charge of a single proton or electron
    • electron = -e = -1.60 x 10-19 C
    • proton = +e = +1.60 x 10-19 C
    • neutron = electrically neutral

    Conservation of Electric Charge

    • The total charge in the universe remains constant
    • No physical process can cause a change in the total charge of the universe

    The Structure of an Atom

    • Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons

    The Sub-atomic Particles

    • Relative size, mass (Kg), and charge (C) of protons, neutrons, and electrons are provided

    Conductors and Insulators

    • Conductors: Allow charges to move freely
    • Insulators: Charges are not free to move
    • Examples of conductors are silver, gold, copper, steel, and sea water
    • Examples of insulators are rubber, glass, oil, diamond, and dry wood

    Semiconductors

    • Semiconductors can behave as insulators or conductors
    • Examples include Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, and Tellurium

    Superconductors

    • Superconductors have infinite conductivity to the flow of charge.
    • The current passes without losing energy at a critical temperature

    Gravity and Electric Force

    • Origin of gravity is masses, origin of electric force is charges
    • Type of force of gravity is attractive, type of force of electric force is attractive/repulsive
    • Formula for gravity is F = Gm1m2/r2
    • Formula for electric force is F = Kq1q2/r2

    Coulomb's Law

    • The magnitude of the electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between then
    • The formula for Coulomb's law is F = kq1q2/r2.
    • k = 8.99 × 109 Nm2/C2 and ε0 = permittivity of free space

    Electric Field

    • The amount of electric force per charge
    • More field lines mean a stronger electric field
    • Electric field lines start on a positively charge and end on negatively charged object.
    • Electric field lines never cross

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    Electric Fields Lesson Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers fundamental concepts of electric charge, including definitions, properties, and the conservation of electric charge. It also explores Coulomb's law, electric fields, and the structure of an atom with its subatomic particles. Test your understanding of these key principles in physics.

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