Podcast
Questions and Answers
What two general purposes does today’s lab serve?
What two general purposes does today’s lab serve?
- To measure mass and energy
- To explore concepts of position, velocity, and acceleration, and to familiarize with data acquisition systems (correct)
- To learn about chemical reactions and mixtures
- To study thermodynamics and heat transfer
What technology is the position sensor based on?
What technology is the position sensor based on?
- Infrared waves
- Magnetic fields
- Laser detection
- Ultrasound technology (correct)
What is the method used by the position sensor to determine distance?
What is the method used by the position sensor to determine distance?
- Calculating the thermal energy loss
- Using visual recognition of objects
- Measuring the time taken for laser light to reflect
- Calculating the time for an ultrasonic pulse to travel to a target and back (correct)
What are the key preparatory steps mentioned for lab session readiness?
What are the key preparatory steps mentioned for lab session readiness?
Which software will be used to analyze the data collected during the lab?
Which software will be used to analyze the data collected during the lab?
What type of wave does the position sensor utilize to calculate distance?
What type of wave does the position sensor utilize to calculate distance?
What chapters are required for pre-lab reading?
What chapters are required for pre-lab reading?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a type of sensor to be used in future labs?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a type of sensor to be used in future labs?
What is the primary goal of the talker team during the activity?
What is the primary goal of the talker team during the activity?
When the talkers describe the plot to the movers, what is explicitly forbidden?
When the talkers describe the plot to the movers, what is explicitly forbidden?
What defines a 'good copy' of the plot according to the talker's criteria?
What defines a 'good copy' of the plot according to the talker's criteria?
What role does the mover team play in this activity?
What role does the mover team play in this activity?
Which of the following terms should the talkers incorporate into their descriptions?
Which of the following terms should the talkers incorporate into their descriptions?
If the initial attempt by movers is deemed inadequate, what should they do?
If the initial attempt by movers is deemed inadequate, what should they do?
Which procedure is necessary to add a velocity graph back to the screen?
Which procedure is necessary to add a velocity graph back to the screen?
What happens if the sensor mistakenly registers an object other than the cart during the experiment?
What happens if the sensor mistakenly registers an object other than the cart during the experiment?
What should you ensure when detecting the cart's position?
What should you ensure when detecting the cart's position?
What might indicate that the motion detector is seeing the track instead of the cart?
What might indicate that the motion detector is seeing the track instead of the cart?
How can you reverse the direction of the motion detector?
How can you reverse the direction of the motion detector?
What should you do after reversing the direction of the motion detector?
What should you do after reversing the direction of the motion detector?
What indicates that data collection has started during the experiment?
What indicates that data collection has started during the experiment?
What should you not allow in the range of the motion detector?
What should you not allow in the range of the motion detector?
What is the average uphill acceleration (aup) measured in the experiment?
What is the average uphill acceleration (aup) measured in the experiment?
What is the minimum distance the cart should be positioned from the motion detector?
What is the minimum distance the cart should be positioned from the motion detector?
Which statement best describes the relationship between uphill acceleration (aup) and downhill acceleration (adown)?
Which statement best describes the relationship between uphill acceleration (aup) and downhill acceleration (adown)?
What happens to the graph as data is gathered when the cart moves away from the sensor?
What happens to the graph as data is gathered when the cart moves away from the sensor?
What should you do before calling the TA for Checkpoint #2?
What should you do before calling the TA for Checkpoint #2?
How should uncertainties be treated in calculations of aup and adown?
How should uncertainties be treated in calculations of aup and adown?
When predicting the acceleration for a type 'C' plot, what is the first step?
When predicting the acceleration for a type 'C' plot, what is the first step?
What is the purpose of inclining the track in Part C?
What is the purpose of inclining the track in Part C?
What is required to calculate the downward acceleration due to gravity, g?
What is required to calculate the downward acceleration due to gravity, g?
When assessing if calculated g is consistent with the generally-accepted value, what aspect should be analyzed?
When assessing if calculated g is consistent with the generally-accepted value, what aspect should be analyzed?
What is the final step after capturing the motion with the cart on the inclined track?
What is the final step after capturing the motion with the cart on the inclined track?
In the context of friction's effects, what conclusion can be drawn?
In the context of friction's effects, what conclusion can be drawn?
In replicating a type 'D' plot by hand, what should you pay attention to?
In replicating a type 'D' plot by hand, what should you pay attention to?
What should you do to compare multiple graphs on the same screen in LoggerPro?
What should you do to compare multiple graphs on the same screen in LoggerPro?
What does the calculated average acceleration along the track help determine?
What does the calculated average acceleration along the track help determine?
Why is it important to discuss the predicted acceleration with your group before plotting?
Why is it important to discuss the predicted acceleration with your group before plotting?
Which method is NOT recommended for reporting measurements and uncertainties?
Which method is NOT recommended for reporting measurements and uncertainties?
What happens when you raise one end of the track about 5 cm?
What happens when you raise one end of the track about 5 cm?
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Study Notes
Introduction
- This lab explores position, velocity, and acceleration.
- It uses a rolling cart on a track.
- It introduces the use of computer-based data acquisition systems.
- It utilizes a position sensor based on ultrasound technology.
Pre-Lab Preparation
- Required reading: Kudu: Chapter A2.10 and Chapters A3.2 - 3.13.
- Emphasis on vectors, displacement, instantaneous velocity, and acceleration.
Procedure
- Use the motion detector to measure the position of the cart.
- Reverse the direction of the detector to change the direction of the motion.
- Acquire data with the cart moving away from the sensor.
- Interpret the plot and describe the motion of the cart to the other team members.
- Reproduce the plot by moving the cart manually based on the verbal description.
- Record the results, including a sketch of the plot, a summary of the instructions, and a screenshot of the LoggerPro screen.
- Swap roles and repeat with a different plot.
Constant Acceleration
- Predict the acceleration vs. time plot for the previously recorded motion.
- Replicate a different plot by moving the cart manually, paying attention to initial speed.
- Use gravity to replicate the motion by inclining the track.
- Record the acceleration data for uphill and downhill motions.
Conclusion Questions
- Calculate the average uphill and downhill accelerations with uncertainties.
- Compare the two accelerations and explain if they are consistent.
- Calculate the average acceleration along the track.
- Using the average acceleration and track inclination angle, calculate the acceleration due to gravity.
- Compare the calculated value of gravity with the accepted value (9.80 m/s²) and justify the answer considering uncertainties.
- Analyze the effect of friction on the calculated value of gravity.
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