Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which equation represents the relationship between potential energy (PE) and height (h)?
Which equation represents the relationship between potential energy (PE) and height (h)?
- PE = mgh^2
- PE = gh^2
- PE = mgh (correct)
- PE = mv^2
In projectile motion, how are the horizontal and vertical components related?
In projectile motion, how are the horizontal and vertical components related?
- Vertical motion is uniform while horizontal is accelerated.
- Vertical and horizontal velocities are the same.
- They have the same time of flight. (correct)
- They are dependent on each other.
What is the primary reason why the horizontal motion of a projectile is constant?
What is the primary reason why the horizontal motion of a projectile is constant?
- It starts with zero velocity.
- Air resistance is negligible.
- Gravity influences it equally.
- There is no force acting on it. (correct)
In an elastic collision, which of the following is true?
In an elastic collision, which of the following is true?
How can impulse be determined from a force vs time graph?
How can impulse be determined from a force vs time graph?
What force is responsible for keeping an object in circular motion at the top of a vertical circle?
What force is responsible for keeping an object in circular motion at the top of a vertical circle?
What is true about work when an angle $ heta$ between force and displacement is involved?
What is true about work when an angle $ heta$ between force and displacement is involved?
In the context of momentum, what does impulse represent?
In the context of momentum, what does impulse represent?
Flashcards
Free Fall Kinematic Equation
Free Fall Kinematic Equation
The equation describing the motion of an object falling freely under gravity, taking into account initial velocity, acceleration due to gravity, and time.
Projectile Motion
Projectile Motion
A type of motion where an object moves in a curved path due to the influence of gravity. It can be analyzed by separating the motion into independent horizontal and vertical components.
Max Force in Collision
Max Force in Collision
The point at which the force acting on an object during a collision reaches its maximum value. This occurs when the objects are in the most compressed state.
Work
Work
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Power
Power
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Potential Energy (PE)
Potential Energy (PE)
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Kinetic Energy (KE)
Kinetic Energy (KE)
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Elastic Collision
Elastic Collision
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Study Notes
Free Fall Kinematic Equation
- The key equation for free fall is: d = vt + 1/2at²
- Initial velocity (v₀) is zero in free fall from rest.
- Acceleration due to gravity (a) is used in the equation.
- Time (t) is also a component of the equation.
Projectile Motion Rules
- Horizontal motion has constant velocity due to no horizontal acceleration (ignoring air resistance).
- Vertical motion experiences uniform acceleration due to gravity.
- Horizontal and vertical motions are independent.
- The time of flight is the same for both components and is determined by the vertical motion.
Solving Projectile Motion Problems
- Break the motion into horizontal and vertical components.
- Use the equations for free fall (vertical) and constant velocity (horizontal).
- Apply appropriate kinematic equations for vertical motion and constant velocity for horizontal motion.
Radius vs. Horizontal Circle Graph
- A graph of radius (r) vs horizontal velocity (v) is hyperbolic.
- The relationship is v² = ar, where a is centripetal acceleration.
- Larger radius (r) means lower velocity (v) required for the same acceleration (a).
FBD for Vertical Circle (Top & Bottom)
Top of Circle
- Forces: Gravity (mg) and tension (T) both point downward.
- T + mg = ma
Bottom of Circle
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Forces: Tension (T) points upward, gravity (mg) points downward.
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T - mg = ma
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Centripetal force maintains circular motion due to combined forces, including gravity and tension.
Solving Momentum and Impulse Problems
Momentum
- The equation for momentum is p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.
Impulse
- Impulse equals the change in momentum. The equation is J = Δp.
Impulse from Force vs. Time Graph
- The area under a force vs time graph represents the impulse.
Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
- Elastic collisions conserve momentum and kinetic energy.
- Inelastic collisions conserve momentum but lose some kinetic energy due to heat or deformation.
- Conservation of momentum: m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = m₁v₁' + m₂v₂'
Force vs. Time Graph for Collisions
- Force increases during contact.
- Force reaches a peak (maximum force).
- Force decreases to zero as contact ends.
Work and Power Word Problems
Work
- Work (W) is calculated as W = Fd cosθ, where F is force, d is displacement, and θ is the angle between force and displacement.
Power
- Power (P) is calculated as P = W/t, where W is work and t is time.
- Instantaneous power uses velocity (v).
Work and Energy Relationship
- Work is the transfer of energy. W = ΔE
- Work done on a system changes its energy.
Potential Energy (PE) & Kinetic Energy (KE)
Potential Energy (PE)
- PE = mgh
Kinetic Energy (KE)
- KE = 1/2mv²
Total Energy
- Total energy = PE + KE
- Energy is conserved in the absence of non-conservative forces.
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