Physics: Forces Between Currents in Jumper Cables

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a set of jumper cables?

  • To boost the voltage in a running vehicle
  • To generate a magnetic field
  • To measure the current in a circuit
  • To start a car with a dead battery (correct)

What is the direction of the force on the black wire due to the current in the red wire?

  • In the same direction as the current in the red wire
  • Perpendicular to the current in the red wire
  • Zero, since the wires are not moving
  • In the opposite direction of the current in the red wire (correct)

To find the force on the red wire, what two-step process is used?

  • Find the electric field due to the current in the black wire, then find the torque on the red wire
  • Find the force on the black wire, then find the torque on the red wire
  • Find the torque on the black wire, then find the force on the red wire
  • Find the magnetic field due to the current in the black wire, then find the force on the current in the red wire (correct)

Why is the force on the black wire equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the force on the red wire?

<p>Because of Newton's Third Law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the separation distance between the wires on the force between them?

<p>The force decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current in each wire of the jumper cables?

<p>150 A (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the magnetic field at the position of the red wire due to the current in the black wire?

<p>Into the page (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the force on the red wire?

<p>Away from the black wire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are the forces between currents not an important consideration in most cases?

<p>Because they are typically very small (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the direction of the currents in the two wires?

<p>It determines the type of force (repulsive or attractive) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a situation where the forces between currents are important?

<p>An MRI solenoid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What law is illustrated by the repulsive force between the two wires?

<p>Newton's Third Law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A horizontal wire can be levitated against gravity if the current flows in which direction?

<p>Right to left (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the magnetic force on a wire in a magnetic field?

<p>Perpendicular to the wire and the magnetic field (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does a current to the east result in an upward force on the power line?

<p>Because the current is perpendicular to the magnetic field (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation used to calculate the magnitude of the magnetic force on a wire?

<p>F = ILB sin θ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical current carried by a DC power line near the equator?

<p>850 A (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass of the heavy cable in the example?

<p>1000 kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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