Physics - Conservation of Energy
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Questions and Answers

Which energy transfer method does not involve the movement of matter?

  • By electricity
  • By light and sound (correct)
  • By forces
  • By heating

    • Efficiency is defined as a measure of how well a machine converts energy into waste forms.

    False

    What is the formula used to calculate efficiency?

    Useful output / Total energy input

    The _____ energy type is associated with the position of an object in a gravitational field.

    <p>GPE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following scenarios with the correct energy transfer:

    <p>A pot on a stove = by heating An electric blanket = by electricity A pushed swing = by forces A solar panel = by light or sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is thermal conductivity?

    <p>A number which tells you how well something transfers energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is conduction?

    <p>Vibrating particles in a solid pass the energy through the neighbouring particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is convection?

    <p>Warm fluid (gas or liquid) rises above colder fluid. The hot fluid moves somewhere else, taking the thermal energy with it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is radiation?

    <p>Thermal energy is transferred by infrared light. It is the only method that works in a vacuum (e.g. space).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following heat transfer methods with their definitions:

    <p>Convection = Warm fluid (gas or liquid) rises above colder fluid. The hot fluid moves somewhere else, taking the thermal energy with it. Thermal Conductivity = A number which tells you how well something transfers energy. Conduction = Vibrating particles in a solid pass the energy through the neighbouring particles. Radiation = Thermal energy is transferred by infrared light. It is the only method that works in a vacuum (e.g. space).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of heat transfer that can occur in a vacuum?

    <p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) increases as height decreases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What formula represents the calculation of Kinetic Energy (KE)?

    <p>KE = 0.5 * m * v^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The change in Gravitational Potential Energy is calculated using the formula ΔGPE = m × g × Δh, where g is the _____ field strength.

    <p>gravitational</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of energy resources with their descriptions:

    <p>Non-Renewable = Once used they cannot be used again - will eventually run out Energy Resource = Source of usable power Sustainable = Can be used indefinitely without depletion Renewable = Can be replaced or regenerated - will never run out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are fossil fuels primarily formed from?

    <p>Ancient plants and algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fossil fuels emit only carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the process by which fossil fuels are formed.

    <p>Fossil fuels are formed when ancient algae and plants die, sink to the seabed, and their organic material is transformed under high pressure and temperature over millions of years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fossil fuels contribute to _____ and acid rain.

    <p>smog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the effects of fossil fuels with their descriptions:

    <p>Greenhouse gases = Cause health problems and environmental issues Sulfur dioxide = Contributes to acid rain Ash = Disposed off in landfills Nitric acid = Contributes to smog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fossil fuel?

    <p>A term used to describe a group of energy sources formed from ancient plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main processes used to generate electricity from fossil fuels?

    <p>Burn fossil fuel to heat water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nuclear power is considered renewable energy.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ____ is a risk associated with nuclear power generation.

    <p>Radioactive waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following impacts of the BP Oil Spill with their descriptions:

    <p>Local wildlife = Thousands of marine life killed Ecosystems = Destruction of Louisiana's marshes/wetlands Tourism = Decreased due to affected beaches Fishermen = Loss of wages from closed water areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following pros and cons of energy sources:

    <p>Pro of Fossil Fuels = Lots of energy Con of Fossil Fuels = Non-renewable Pro of Nuclear Fission = No greenhouse effect Con of Nuclear Fission = Expensive to build</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following statements with their corresponding pros and cons:

    <p>Pro of Fossil Fuels = Easy to transport Con of Fossil Fuels = Greenhouse effect Pro of Nuclear Fission = Huge amounts of energy Con of Nuclear Fission = Risk of disaster/very dangerous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following pros and cons of energy sources:

    <p>Pro of Fossil Fuels = Short start up times Con of Fossil Fuels = Mining coal is dangerous Pro of Nuclear Fission = Cheaper to run once built Con of Nuclear Fission = Produces radioactive waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fill in the blanks of the process of burning fossil fuels to make electricity:

    1. Burning fossil fuels 2. ___ ____ _ __ ___ 3. Steam turns turbine 4. ___ ___ _____ 5. Electricity Produced

    <p>Heat water to make steam; Turbine turns generator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fill in the blanks of the process of nuclear fission to make electricity:

    1. Nuclear Fission 2. __ ____ __ ____ ___ 3. ___ __ ____ 4. Turbine turns generator 5. ____ ____

    <ol start="2"> <li>This generates heat producing steam</li> <li>Steam turns turbine</li> <li>Electricity produced</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    Which energy resource uses the gravitational potential energy of water stored in reservoirs?

    <p>Hydroelectric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Solar energy can use photovoltaic cells to convert light into electricity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of energy production for tidal energy?

    <p>Using a dam to trap seawater and releasing it through a turbine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wind turbines convert _______ energy into electricity.

    <p>kinetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following energy resources with their descriptions:

    <p>Geothermal = Heat from underground creating steam Fossil fuels = Burning produces steam to turn turbines Water waves = Kinetic energy from ocean waves Nuclear = Reacts fuel to produce heat for steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following energy resources is renewable?

    <p>Wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nuclear energy produces greenhouse gases during its energy production process.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major disadvantage of bio-fuels?

    <p>They can take up a lot of land and consume resources needed for food production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The energy produced by ____ is very predictable and occurs at regular intervals.

    <p>tidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following energy resources with their primary disadvantages:

    <p>Wind = Not reliable and can be noisy Geothermal = Can release harmful gases from underground Solar = Not reliable, only works when sunny Hydroelectric = Can flood large areas and destroy wildlife habitats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following energy resources with their primary advantages:

    <p>Wind = Renewable and can be used on farm land Solar = Good for producing energy in remote places while being renewable Tidal = Tides are predictable and produces a lot of energy regulary Hydroelectric = Can produce large amounts of energy at short notice and renewable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Revision Topics

    • Energy Stores and Transfers: Calculating efficiency involves using Sankey diagrams.
    • Thermal Conductivity: A number which indicates how well something transfers energy.
    • Potential and Kinetic Energy (GPE and KE): Calculations for GPE and KE are important.
    • Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Sources: Understanding the differences is key.
    • Convection: Warm fluid (gas or liquid) rises above cooler fluid. The hot fluid moves somewhere else, taking the thermal energy with it.
    • Radiation: Thermal energy is transferred by infrared light. It is the only method that works in a vacuum (e.g., space).

    Energy Types

    • Very Kind - Vibrational Energy
    • Kinetic Energy
    • Nuclear Energy
    • Thermal Energy
    • Elastic Potential Energy (EPE)
    • Chemical Energy
    • Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)

    Efficiency

    • Definition: A measure of how well a machine or process converts energy into useful forms.
    • Calculation: Efficiency = (Useful output / Total energy input)

    Thermal Conductivity (Further Detail)

    • Mechanism: Conduction in a solid involves vibrating particles passing energy to neighboring particles.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on energy stores, transfers, and efficiency calculations in this physics quiz. Explore topics such as thermal conductivity, potential and kinetic energy and the differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources. Perfect for revision and understanding fundamental concepts in physics.

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