Questions and Answers
What is physics?
What does motion refer to?
Change in an object's position with respect to time
A particle model treats an object as a particle represented by a mass at a single point in space.
True
What is a scalar?
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What is a vector?
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What is displacement?
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What is velocity?
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What is acceleration?
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What is a motion diagram?
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What is kinematics?
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What is uniform motion?
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What is non-uniform motion?
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What is instantaneous velocity?
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What is a derivative?
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What is an integral?
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What characterizes uniformly accelerated motion?
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What is 2-D kinematics?
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What is projectile motion?
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What is a trajectory?
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What is dynamics?
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What is force?
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What is a contact force?
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What is a long range force?
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What is the principle of superposition?
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What does Newton's Second Law state?
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Newton's First Law states that velocity will remain constant if the net force is zero.
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What is inertia?
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What is propulsion?
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What is equilibrium?
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What is static equilibrium?
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What is dynamic equilibrium?
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What is interaction?
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What is Newton's Third Law?
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What is the massless string approximation?
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What is a perfect pulley?
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A fictitious force is a real force acting on an object.
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What is uniform circular motion?
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What is period?
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What is centripetal acceleration?
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What is angular displacement?
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What is angular velocity?
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Study Notes
Physics Fundamentals
- Physics is the branch of science focused on matter, energy, and their interactions.
- Motion refers to the change in an object's position over time.
Models and Descriptions
- The particle model simplifies objects to a mass at a point, disregarding size or shape.
- Scalars are quantities described by a single number, while vectors include both magnitude and direction.
Motion Concepts
- Displacement indicates the change in position.
- Velocity is the rate at which an object's position vector changes.
- Acceleration describes how velocity changes over time.
Diagrammatic Representations
- Motion diagrams visually represent an object's position at different times.
- Kinematics provides a mathematical description of motion without exploring the causes.
Types of Motion
- Uniform motion involves straight-line movement with equal displacement at equal time intervals.
- Non-uniform motion has a varying velocity.
- Instantaneous velocity is the speed and direction of an object at a specific moment.
Calculus in Motion
- Derivatives measure how a function changes with alterations in input.
- Integrals sum up values across infinitesimal segments of a function.
Specific Movement Patterns
- Uniformly accelerated motion occurs with constant acceleration.
- 2-D kinematics deals with motion in two dimensions.
- Projectile motion is characterized by acceleration solely due to gravity.
- A trajectory is the path followed by a projectile.
Dynamics and Forces
- Dynamics studies the causes behind motion.
- A force is any influence that causes a change in an object's velocity.
- Contact forces arise from physical interactions, while long-range forces operate without contact.
Principles of Force
- The principle of superposition states the net force on an object is the vector sum of all individual forces.
- Newton's Second Law connects force, mass, and acceleration (F=ma).
- The First Law (Law of Inertia) asserts that an object maintains its velocity unless acted upon by a net force.
- Inertia refers to an object's resistance to changes in motion.
Equilibrium States
- Equilibrium is when the net force on an object equals zero.
- Static equilibrium is characterized by zero velocity, whereas dynamic equilibrium involves nonzero velocity.
Interactions and Reactions
- Interaction denotes the mutual influence between two objects.
- Newton's Third Law states that forces occur in action/reaction pairs between two objects.
Theoretical Assumptions
- The massless string approximation assumes strings have no mass.
- A perfect pulley comprises a massless string and a frictionless pulley.
Concept of Fictitious Forces
- Fictitious forces are not real; they describe motion without external forces acting on the object.
Circular Motion Specifics
- Uniform circular motion involves a constant speed along a circular path with uniform angular velocity.
- The period is the time taken for a complete circle.
- Centripetal acceleration points towards the center of the circle.
- Angular displacement measures the change in angle during circular motion.
- Angular velocity reflects the rate of change of angular position as the particle moves in a circle.
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Test your knowledge of essential physics definitions with these flashcards. Each card presents a key term and its concise explanation, covering fundamental concepts like motion and the particle model. Perfect for students and enthusiasts looking to reinforce their understanding of physics.