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Questions and Answers
What is shearing strain or shear represented by?
What is shearing strain or shear represented by?
- σ
- ΔL
- θ
- εs (correct)
What does the elastic limit refer to?
What does the elastic limit refer to?
- The strain experienced just before fracture occurs.
- The maximum stress within which the body regains its original size after deformation. (correct)
- The minimum stress required to start deformation.
- The maximum stress at which a body can permanently deform.
According to Hooke's law, stress is proportional to which of the following?
According to Hooke's law, stress is proportional to which of the following?
- Strain in the elastic limit (correct)
- Elastic limit
- Shear stress
- Volume strain
What happens to a rubber band beyond its elastic limit?
What happens to a rubber band beyond its elastic limit?
How is the volume strain defined?
How is the volume strain defined?
In the stress-strain profile curve, which variable is plotted on the X-axis?
In the stress-strain profile curve, which variable is plotted on the X-axis?
What is the relationship between force applied and elongation in a wire, according to Hooke's law?
What is the relationship between force applied and elongation in a wire, according to Hooke's law?
What does the slope of the graph in the stress-strain profile indicate?
What does the slope of the graph in the stress-strain profile indicate?
What defines tensile stress in a material?
What defines tensile stress in a material?
What is the relationship between volume stress and pressure?
What is the relationship between volume stress and pressure?
Which of the following best describes longitudinal strain?
Which of the following best describes longitudinal strain?
Tensile strain occurs when...
Tensile strain occurs when...
Which of the following is NOT one of the types of strain mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT one of the types of strain mentioned?
Compressive stress is characterized by...
Compressive stress is characterized by...
What quantity does strain measure?
What quantity does strain measure?
What type of strain occurs when a rod is compressed?
What type of strain occurs when a rod is compressed?
What does the bulk modulus measure regarding a material?
What does the bulk modulus measure regarding a material?
What is the relationship between bulk modulus and compressibility?
What is the relationship between bulk modulus and compressibility?
In the context of compressibility, which statement is true?
In the context of compressibility, which statement is true?
What happens to the volume of a material when pressure is applied, based on the bulk modulus equation?
What happens to the volume of a material when pressure is applied, based on the bulk modulus equation?
Which of the following units is used for bulk modulus?
Which of the following units is used for bulk modulus?
What describes the rigidity modulus or shear modulus?
What describes the rigidity modulus or shear modulus?
If a material has a high bulk modulus, what can be inferred about its compressibility?
If a material has a high bulk modulus, what can be inferred about its compressibility?
When a wire is twisted, how does it relate to the rigidity modulus?
When a wire is twisted, how does it relate to the rigidity modulus?
What does the slope of the line OA in the stress-strain curve represent?
What does the slope of the line OA in the stress-strain curve represent?
At which point on the stress-strain curve does Hooke's law cease to be valid?
At which point on the stress-strain curve does Hooke's law cease to be valid?
What happens to the wire when the stress is increased beyond the yield point B?
What happens to the wire when the stress is increased beyond the yield point B?
What is the definition of tensile strength in the context of the stress-strain curve?
What is the definition of tensile strength in the context of the stress-strain curve?
Which type of modulus is defined as the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain?
Which type of modulus is defined as the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain?
The point beyond which strain increases even when the load is removed is known as?
The point beyond which strain increases even when the load is removed is known as?
What characterizes the plastic behavior of the material in the stress-strain curve?
What characterizes the plastic behavior of the material in the stress-strain curve?
What is the unit of measurement for Young's modulus?
What is the unit of measurement for Young's modulus?
What is the SI unit of shear modulus of elasticity (ηR)?
What is the SI unit of shear modulus of elasticity (ηR)?
In the given example, the shear modulus of a metal cube subjected to a shearing force of 4000 N and a displacement of 0.50 cm is calculated using which of the following formulas?
In the given example, the shear modulus of a metal cube subjected to a shearing force of 4000 N and a displacement of 0.50 cm is calculated using which of the following formulas?
Which of the following best describes Young's modulus?
Which of the following best describes Young's modulus?
What can be concluded about wires A, B, and C based on their slopes when stretched?
What can be concluded about wires A, B, and C based on their slopes when stretched?
If the volume of a material changes by 1.5 x 10-5 m3 under a pressure of 106 Pa, what is the bulk modulus of the material?
If the volume of a material changes by 1.5 x 10-5 m3 under a pressure of 106 Pa, what is the bulk modulus of the material?
When a wire is subjected to a load of 5 kg and has a Young's modulus of 4 x 1010 N m-2, which statement is true about its behavior?
When a wire is subjected to a load of 5 kg and has a Young's modulus of 4 x 1010 N m-2, which statement is true about its behavior?
What relationship does Hooke's Law describe within the elastic limit of a material?
What relationship does Hooke's Law describe within the elastic limit of a material?
What characteristic indicates that wire A is stiffer compared to wires B and C?
What characteristic indicates that wire A is stiffer compared to wires B and C?
Study Notes
Stress
- Tensile stress occurs when a material is stretched by equal and opposite forces.
- Compressive stress occurs when a material is pushed by equal and opposite forces.
- Volume stress occurs when a body is acted upon by forces on its entire surface, with the force at any point perpendicular to the surface and proportional to the area.
- Volume stress is the same as pressure.
Strain
- Strain describes the deformation of an object when a force is applied.
- Strain is the fractional change in the size of an object.
- It is a dimensionless quantity with no units.
Types of Strain
- Longitudinal strain: defined as the change in length divided by the original length.
- Tensile strain: occurs when the length of a material is increased.
- Compressive strain: occurs when the length of a material is decreased.
- Shearing strain (Shear): occurs when a tangential force is applied to a material, causing a deformation that is proportional to the angle of shear.
- Volume strain: occurs when a body is subjected to volume stress and the volume changes. Calculated as the change in volume divided by the original volume.
Elastic Limit
- The elastic limit is the maximum stress a material can withstand before acquiring permanent deformation.
- Beyond the elastic limit, the material will not return to its original size and shape.
Hooke's Law
- States that stress is proportional to strain within the elastic limit.
- This relationship can be experimentally verified by stretching a wire and measuring the elongation produced.
- The graph of force vs. elongation is a straight line passing through the origin.
Stress-Strain Profile Curve
- Shows the relationship between stress and strain in a material.
- The curve can be divided into different regions:
- Portion OA: Hooke's law is valid, stress is proportional to strain. The slope of this line represents Young's modulus.
- Portion AB: Stress is not proportional to strain, but the material will still return to its original shape. This region ends at the yield point (elastic limit).
- Portion BC: The material will not return to its original shape when the stretching force is removed.
- Portion CD: Strain increases rapidly with an increase in stress.
- Portion DE: The material breaks (ruptures) at the fracture point E. The maximum stress at this point is called the breaking stress or tensile strength.
Moduli of Elasticity
- Measure the resistance of a material to deformation.
- There are three types:
- Young’s modulus: resistance to change in length. Calculated as tensile stress (or compressive stress) divided by tensile strain (or compressive strain).
- Bulk modulus: resistance to change in volume. Calculated as volume stress (pressure) divided by volume strain.
- Rigidity modulus (Shear modulus): resistance to twisting. Calculated as shear stress divided by shear strain.
Compressibility
- The reciprocal of the bulk modulus.
- It measures the fractional change in volume per unit increase in pressure.
- Gases have high compressibility compared to solids.
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Description
Explore the concepts of stress and strain in materials with this quiz. Understand the different types of stress, such as tensile and compressive, as well as various types of strain. Test your knowledge on how these properties affect material deformation and stability.
