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Questions and Answers
In multiplication and division operations, the final answer should reflect the least number of significant figures from the initial values.
In multiplication and division operations, the final answer should reflect the least number of significant figures from the initial values.
True (A)
Zeros positioned between non-zero digits are deemed non-significant when determining significant figures.
Zeros positioned between non-zero digits are deemed non-significant when determining significant figures.
False (B)
Displacement is a scalar quantity that is concerned with both magnitude and direction.
Displacement is a scalar quantity that is concerned with both magnitude and direction.
False (B)
If a person runs 5 kilometers north and then 5 kilometers south back to their starting point, their total displacement is 10 kilometers.
If a person runs 5 kilometers north and then 5 kilometers south back to their starting point, their total displacement is 10 kilometers.
Distance is concerned with the overall path taken by an object, irrespective of its start and end positions.
Distance is concerned with the overall path taken by an object, irrespective of its start and end positions.
On a velocity vs. time graph for an object in free fall, the line starts at the origin and has a positive slope because velocity increases at a constant rate in the downward direction.
On a velocity vs. time graph for an object in free fall, the line starts at the origin and has a positive slope because velocity increases at a constant rate in the downward direction.
When creating a graph, it is optional to include arrows on the axes to indicate direction and assign variables to each axis.
When creating a graph, it is optional to include arrows on the axes to indicate direction and assign variables to each axis.
Free fall is a realistic scenario that accounts for air resistance when analyzing the motion of objects under gravity.
Free fall is a realistic scenario that accounts for air resistance when analyzing the motion of objects under gravity.
An object in static equilibrium is characterized by constant velocity motion.
An object in static equilibrium is characterized by constant velocity motion.
The acceleration of gravity, denoted as $\vec{g}$, can be calculated using the formula $g = \frac{F}{m}$ based on Newton's equations, where $F$ is the force of gravity and $m$ is the mass of the object.
The acceleration of gravity, denoted as $\vec{g}$, can be calculated using the formula $g = \frac{F}{m}$ based on Newton's equations, where $F$ is the force of gravity and $m$ is the mass of the object.
Flashcards
Gravity
Gravity
A force that pulls objects towards the center of the Earth, causing them to fall downwards.
Free Fall
Free Fall
The motion of an object falling freely under the influence of gravity, with no air resistance.
Equilibrium
Equilibrium
A state where the net force acting on an object is zero, resulting in no change in its motion.
Static Equilibrium
Static Equilibrium
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Dynamic Equilibrium
Dynamic Equilibrium
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Significant Figures
Significant Figures
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Distance
Distance
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Displacement
Displacement
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Scientific Notation
Scientific Notation
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Vector Quantity
Vector Quantity
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Study Notes
Significant Figures
- Significant figures indicate accuracy and precision in measurements.
- Rules for determining significant figures:
- Non-zero digits are significant.
- Zeros between non-zero digits are significant.
- Zeros before the first non-zero digit are not significant.
- Zeros after a non-zero digit with a decimal point are significant.
- Zeros after a non-zero digit without a decimal point are not significant.
- Scientific notation coefficients follow rules 1-5.
- Arithmetic operations use the least number of significant figures from the given values.
Distance
- Distance is the total length traveled along a path.
- It's a scalar quantity (only magnitude).
- Distance doesn't consider direction or starting/ending point.
- Example: Walking a mile to the park and back—total distance is 2 miles.
Displacement
- Displacement is the length between the starting and ending points of a journey, considering direction.
- It's a vector quantity (magnitude and direction).
- Displacement is zero if the starting and ending points are the same.
- It measures the change in position from the initial point.
Motion Graphs
- Motion can be studied algebraically or graphically.
- Graphs use variables like position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
- Axes should be labeled with variables and arrows indicating positive and negative directions.
- Numerical values need to be plotted on both positive and negative sides.
Free Fall Kinematics
- Free fall kinematics analyzes vertical motion with constant acceleration due to gravity.
- Position vs. time graph: Shows a curve indicating increasing speed during fall.
- Velocity vs. time graph: Shows a straight line with negative slope, reflecting downward motion and increasing velocity.
Acceleration Due to Gravity
- Acceleration due to gravity (g) measures the change in velocity per unit time.
- g is approximately a constant close to Earth's surface and directed downward.
- Value of g is given by Newton's equations.
- Free fall occurs when air resistance is ignored.
- Objects in free fall with no air resistance reach the ground at the same time.
Force and Equilibrium
- Force is a push or pull resulting from interaction between objects.
- Balanced forces have equal magnitude and opposite directions, resulting in no acceleration.
- Objects at rest (static equilibrium) or moving at constant velocity (dynamic equilibrium) experience balanced forces.
- Unbalanced forces cause a change in the state of motion.
- The vector sum of the forces acting on an object in equilibrium is zero.
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