Physics Chapter on Reflection and Refraction

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Questions and Answers

What is the focal length of the convex mirror with a radius of curvature of 3.00 m?

1.50 m (correct)

3.00 m

-1.50 m

6.00 m

What does a positive magnification value indicate about an image?

The image is larger than the object.

The image is virtual. (correct)

The image is inverted.

The image is real.

For the bus positioned 5.00 m from the convex mirror, what is the image distance calculated?

7.50 m

1.15 m (correct)

-7.50 m

-1.15 m

What can be concluded about the image of the bus in the convex mirror?

It is virtual and erect. Signup and view all the answers

What is the object distance when a concave mirror has an object placed 25.0 cm away?

-25.0 cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the image distance for an object placed at 25.0 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of -15.0 cm?

-37.5 cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of the image obtained from the concave mirror when the object is in front of it?

Real and inverted. Signup and view all the answers

How is the size of the image related to the size of the object when using the concave mirror described?

The image is smaller than the object. Signup and view all the answers

What type of image does a convex mirror provide?

Diminished and erect Signup and view all the answers

Why are convex mirrors preferred as rear-view mirrors in vehicles?

They offer a wider field of view. Signup and view all the answers

If the radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm, what is its focal length?

10 cm Signup and view all the answers

According to the New Cartesian Sign Convention, distances measured to the right of the origin are considered:

Positive Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately defines the principal focus of a concave mirror?

The point where parallel rays converge before reflecting. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of mirrors, what does a diminished image mean?

The object appears smaller than its actual size. Signup and view all the answers

When measuring distances perpendicular to the principal axis above it, according to the sign convention, they are considered:

Positive Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mirror can produce an erect and enlarged image of an object?

Concave mirror Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the refractive index of medium 1 with respect to medium 2?

n12 = $\frac{v_1}{v_2}$ Signup and view all the answers

If the speed of light in air is represented as $c$ and the speed of light in a medium is $v$, what is the expression for the refractive index of that medium?

$\frac{c}{v}$ Signup and view all the answers

What does a refractive index of 1.33 for water indicate?

Light travels slower in water than in air. Signup and view all the answers

How is the absolute refractive index of a medium expressed in comparison to a vacuum or air?

It is represented as n2. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the refractive index of crown glass is correct?

Its refractive index is 1.52. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the direction of light when it travels from one medium to another at an angle?

It changes direction due to the phenomenon of refraction. Signup and view all the answers

In the activity with the coin in water, why is it difficult to pick up the coin in one go?

The light bends when it moves from water to air. Signup and view all the answers

When the water is poured into the bowl with the coin, what happens to the visibility of the coin from the observer's position?

The coin appears higher due to refraction. Signup and view all the answers

What observation can be made when looking at a straight line under a glass slab placed at an angle?

The line appears bent at the edges. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the glass slab is placed normal to the straight line?

The line appears completely straight. Signup and view all the answers

Why does the line appear raised when viewed from the top of the glass slab?

The angle of light changes as it passes through the slab. Signup and view all the answers

In the activity of marking the outline of the glass slab, what is the purpose of outlining it?

To visualize the path of light without obstruction. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle underlies the bending of light as observed in the described activities?

Refraction due to changes in light speed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the power of a lens with a focal length of 2 m?

-0.5 dioptres Signup and view all the answers

If a convex lens forms a real and inverted image that is equal to the size of the object at 50 cm, where is the object placed?

100 cm from the lens Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about light traveling from a denser medium to a rarer medium is correct?

It bends away from the normal. Signup and view all the answers

What does the magnification produced by a spherical mirror describe?

The ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object. Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding the refractive index of a medium?

It is the ratio of the speed of light in the medium to that in vacuum. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of images formed by concave lenses?

They can only be virtual and erect. Signup and view all the answers

What holds true for the laws of reflection?

The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to light when it passes through a rectangular glass slab?

Refraction occurs at both interfaces. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

### Reflection

A positive sign in the value of magnification means the image is virtual
Convex mirrors always produce an erect, diminished image
Convex mirrors have a wider field of view
Convex mirrors are preferred as rear-view mirrors in vehicles

### Sign Convention for Reflection

The pole (P) of the mirror is taken as the origin
The principal axis of the mirror is taken as the x-axis
Distances measured to the right of the origin are positive, while those measured to the left are negative
Distances measured perpendicular to and above the principal axis are positive
Distances measured perpendicular to and below the principal axis are negative

Refraction

Light bends away from the normal when travelling from a denser to a rarer medium
Light bends towards the normal when travelling from a rarer to a denser medium
The coin in the bowl appears to be raised due to refraction
The line under the glass slab appears bent at the edges due to refraction
The refractive index of a medium is the ratio of the speed of light in air to the speed of light in the medium

### Lens

Power of a lens is measured in Dioptres
Convex lenses can produce a real inverted image.
Concave lenses always produce a virtual, erect image, that's why they are used to correct myopia (nearsightedness)

### Key Formula

Mirror Formula: 1/v + 1/u = 1/f, where:
- v is the image distance
- u is the object distance
- f is the focal length
Magnification: m = h'/h = -v/u, where:
- h' is the image height
- h is the object height
Refractive Index: n = c/v, where:
- c is the speed of light in air
- v is the speed of light in the medium

Important Facts

Light travels in straight lines.
Light travels with a speed of 3x10^8 m/s in a vacuum.
Speed of light changes in different media.
The emergent ray after refraction through a rectangular slab is parallel to the incident ray.

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Description

Test your understanding of the principles of reflection and refraction in this quiz. Explore concepts related to convex mirrors, sign conventions, and how light behaves when passing through different mediums. Perfect for students studying optics in physics.