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Questions and Answers
What was Aristotle's view on the rate at which heavy objects fall compared to lighter ones?
What was Aristotle's view on the rate at which heavy objects fall compared to lighter ones?
- Heavy objects and lighter objects fall at the same rate.
- Heavy objects fall faster than lighter ones. (correct)
- All objects fall at a rate determined by their shape.
- Heavy objects fall slower than lighter ones.
According to Aristotle, what kind of motion occurs when objects move away from their natural place?
According to Aristotle, what kind of motion occurs when objects move away from their natural place?
- Violent motion (correct)
- Natural motion
- Inertial motion
- Resistant motion
Why did Aristotle's theory of motion persist for 2000 years despite its limitations?
Why did Aristotle's theory of motion persist for 2000 years despite its limitations?
- No known experiments challenged his conclusions.
- The theory was consistent with common sense and observations. (correct)
- It was the first theory ever proposed about motion.
- It was based on extensive quantitative analysis.
In Aristotle's theory, what did he believe would decrease the rate of motion of an object?
In Aristotle's theory, what did he believe would decrease the rate of motion of an object?
What is the core belief of Galileo that contrasted with Aristotle’s theory of motion?
What is the core belief of Galileo that contrasted with Aristotle’s theory of motion?
What occurs when two objects of different weights are dropped simultaneously from the Tower of Pisa in the absence of air resistance?
What occurs when two objects of different weights are dropped simultaneously from the Tower of Pisa in the absence of air resistance?
When a ball is rolled down an incline at a fixed angle, what does the equation $d/t^2 = constant$ imply?
When a ball is rolled down an incline at a fixed angle, what does the equation $d/t^2 = constant$ imply?
What happens to the constant ratio $d/t^2$ when the angle of inclination is changed?
What happens to the constant ratio $d/t^2$ when the angle of inclination is changed?
What is the approximate acceleration due to gravity at the equator?
What is the approximate acceleration due to gravity at the equator?
Which of the following equations can be used to determine the displacement of falling objects under acceleration due to gravity?
Which of the following equations can be used to determine the displacement of falling objects under acceleration due to gravity?
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Study Notes
Aristotle's Theory of Motion
- Aristotle believed that objects fall towards the earth because it is their natural state.
- He believed heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
- He theorized that objects fall faster in air than in water due to resistance from the medium.
- He believed that objects moving away from their natural place were being forced by an outside force.
Galileo's Theory of Motion
- Galileo demonstrated that objects of different masses fall at the same rate in the absence of air resistance.
- He used inclined planes to investigate motion and discovered that the ratio of the distance covered to the square of the corresponding time was constant for a given incline angle.
- He extended his findings to freefall by considering the incline as a large angle.
- Galileo concluded that the constant in the ratio d/t2 represents the acceleration due to gravity.
Free Fall
- Objects dropped from rest experience an acceleration due to gravity.
- The acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s2 near the Earth's surface, but varies slightly depending on location.
- The equations of accelerated motion can be used to calculate the displacement, velocity, and time of falling objects.
- Objects in upward motion also experience freefall acceleration.
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