Physics Chapter on Motion and Acceleration

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the resistance of an object to changes in its motion?

Friction

Inertia (correct)

Momentum

Acceleration

What unit is used to label a force calculation?

Pound

Newton (correct)

Pascal

Joule

What is the highest speed an object can reach called?

Final velocity

Terminal velocity (correct)

Critical speed

Constant speed

At what rate do falling objects accelerate due to Earth's gravity?

9.8 m/s² Signup and view all the answers

Which object has greater inertia if both are moving at 10 m/s?

A piano Signup and view all the answers

Which ball type had the highest initial velocity at 1 meter?

Bowling Ball Signup and view all the answers

At 5 meters, which ball type showed the largest decrease in speed compared to its initial speed?

Bowling Ball Signup and view all the answers

What was the average velocity of the Golf Ball at 3 meters?

0.76 m/s Signup and view all the answers

How did the Steel Ball’s speed change as it moved from 1 meter to 4 meters?

It increased, peaking at 2.00 m/s before dropping. Signup and view all the answers

What was a key observation regarding the velocities of the Bowling and Golf balls as distance increased?

Both decreased their speed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the velocity of Dane's Chrysler Pacifica if it travels 400.0 miles in 7.2 hours?

56 mi/hr Signup and view all the answers

How far did Chantel's Ferrari Modena travel if it was moving at a speed of 99 mi/hr for 3.7 hours?

366 miles Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take a semi-truck traveling at 50.0 mi/hr to cover a distance of 387 miles?

7.74 hours Signup and view all the answers

What was Joe's speed if he drove 500.0 miles in 11 hours?

45 mi/hr Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceleration of Peterson's Ducati motorcycle if it increases its velocity from 80.0 m/s to 100.0 m/s in 3.0 seconds?

6.7 m/s² Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the speed of a rolling object as it moves further from the base of a ramp?

It travels faster because it gains momentum. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes Newton's 2nd Law?

The acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting upon it and its mass. Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take to travel 5 meters at a speed of 3.2 m/s?

1.56 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What is the force required to accelerate a 7 kg desk at 20 m/s²?

140 N Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass of an object that is accelerated by a force of 90 N resulting in an acceleration of 1.5 m/s²?

60 kg Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Speed, Velocity and Acceleration

Velocity is calculated by dividing distance by time. For example, a vehicle traveling 400 miles over 7.2 hours has a velocity of 56 miles per hour.
Distance can be calculated by multiplying velocity and time. For example, traveling at 99 miles per hour for 3.7 hours results in a distance of 360 miles.
Time can be calculated by dividing distance by velocity. For example, a semi-truck traveling 387 miles at 50 miles per hour takes 7.74 hours.
Acceleration is calculated by dividing the change in velocity by time. For example, a motorcycle accelerating from 80 m/s to 100 m/s over 3 seconds experiences an acceleration of 6.7 m/s².

Newton's Laws of Motion

Newton's 1st Law of Motion: An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Newton's 2nd Law of Motion: The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object and inversely proportional to its mass. Basically, more mass means the object is resistant to change in motion, meaning it will accelerate slower with the same force.
Newton's 3rd Law of Motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that when you push off the ground to walk, you are also pushing the Earth forward, although the Earth's immense mass prevents any noticeable motion.

Gravity and Motion

Earth's gravity causes objects to accelerate at a rate of 9.8 m/s².
A rolling object travels faster the further away it gets from the base of a ramp because the ramp becomes taller, which allows it to gain momentum and accelerate further.
Air resistance is assumed to be insignificant in this idealized scenario.

Data Analysis of Rolling Objects

Bowling balls, golf balls and steel balls were observed rolling down a ramp at varying distances.
Bowling balls and golf balls slowed down as the distance from the base of the ramp increased.
Steel balls initially gained speed as they rolled down the ramp, but eventually slowed down as they continued to roll.
The data suggests that different objects react differently to friction and gravity, especially over varying distances.

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Description

Test your understanding of speed, velocity, acceleration, and Newton's Laws of Motion. This quiz will cover key calculations and concepts relating to motion in a physics context. Perfect for students looking to solidify their grasp on these fundamental principles.