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Questions and Answers
The equation for conservation of momentum is given by $m_1u_1 + m_2u_2 = m_1v_1 + m_2v_2$.
The equation for conservation of momentum is given by $m_1u_1 + m_2u_2 = m_1v_1 + m_2v_2$.
true
What does $m_1$ represent in the context of velocity calculations?
What does $m_1$ represent in the context of velocity calculations?
mass of the first object
What happens to kinetic energy in an elastic collision?
What happens to kinetic energy in an elastic collision?
Total kinetic energy before collision equals total kinetic energy after collision
Which of the following describes an elastic collision?
Which of the following describes an elastic collision?
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An isolated system experiences external forces.
An isolated system experiences external forces.
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What is the principle behind a rocket's propulsion?
What is the principle behind a rocket's propulsion?
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What happens when $F_{ext} = 0$ in an isolated system?
What happens when $F_{ext} = 0$ in an isolated system?
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The equation for elastic collisions can be simplified to $\frac{1}{2}m_1u_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2u_2^2 = \frac{1}{2}m_1v_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2v_2^2$.
The equation for elastic collisions can be simplified to $\frac{1}{2}m_1u_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2u_2^2 = \frac{1}{2}m_1v_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_2v_2^2$.
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Study Notes
Calculations involving velocity
- $m_1(u_1^2 - v_1^2) = m_2(u_2^2 - v_2^2)$
- $m_1(u_1 - v_1) = m_2 \frac{(u_2^2 -v_2^2)}{(u_2 - v_2)}$
- The equation $a^2 - b^2 = (a + b)(a - b)$ is used to simplify the expression.
- $\frac{(u_1 - v_1)(u_1 + v_1)}{(u_1 - v_1)} = \frac{(u_2 - v_2)(u_2 + v_2)}{(u_2 - v_2)}$
- $u_1 + v_1 = \sqrt{u_2^2 + v_2^2}$
Momentum in an Isolated System
- Total Momentum before collision = Total Momentum after collision
- $P_{system} = P_{t} $
- $m_1u_1 + m_2u_2 = m_1v_1 + m_2v_2$
Elastic Collision in One Dimension
- An elastic collision is when total kinetic energy (K.E) before the collision equals total K.E after the collision.
- No loss of kinetic energy during an elastic collision.
- Ideal collisions of molecules in gasses can be considered elastic collisions
Physics Notes
- kgms⁻¹ = N⋅s
Law of Conservation of Momentum
- The total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.
- A system is isolated when no external forces act on it; Fext = 0
- Fext = ΔP/Δt
- Law of Conservation of Momentum: $P _t = P_i$
Example: Gun and Bullet
- $P_i = 0$
- $m_b v_b$: Momentum of Bullet
- The momentum of the gun and bullet is equal and opposite due to conservation of momentum.
Example: Rocket Propulsion
- The momentum of an object is changed by the ejection of a propellant.
- Conservation of momentum is a key concept in rocket science.
Elastic Collision in One Dimension (Diagram)
- A diagram shows two objects with masses $m_1$ and $m_2$ moving with velocities $v_1$ and $v_2$.
- The diagram represents a collision where the objects move along a single line.
- The diagram represents a collision where total kinetic energy is conserved.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of momentum and elastic collisions in this quiz. Key equations, including the conservation of momentum and the properties of elastic collisions, are covered. Perfect for students looking to strengthen their understanding of these essential physics topics.
