Physics Chapter on Measurement and Units
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary unit of mass in the SI system?

  • Grams (g)
  • Kilograms (kg) (correct)
  • Newtons (N)
  • Pounds (lbs)

Weight is a scalar quantity.

False (B)

Which type of energy is associated with motion?

  • Kinetic Energy (correct)
  • Chemical Energy
  • Potential Energy
  • Magnetic Energy

What must you do first when reading a micrometer screw gauge?

<p>Write down main scale reading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The formula for calculating weight is $W = ______$

<p>mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quantitative observation involves using your senses.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the measuring tool with its correct function:

<p>Vernier Caliper = Measures small lengths in cm Micrometer Screw Gauge = Measures small lengths in mm Spring Balance = Measures weight Electronic Balance = Measures mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for mass?

<p>Kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of matter and energy is known as __________.

<p>Physics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the SI units with their corresponding base quantity:

<p>Length = metre (m) Mass = Kilogram (kg) Time = Second (s) Electric current = Ampere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a digital scale?

<p>Reads measurements from a display that changes by a fixed minimum amount (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-linear scales have evenly spaced graduations.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the symbol 'T' represent in the formula $T = F \times d$?

<p>Turning effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An increase in distance can decrease the moment of force.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calibrating a scale?

<p>To set or check the graduations by comparing to a universally accepted value</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ refers to how close an experimental value is to the true value.

<p>accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of moment of force?

<p>Newton Metres</p> Signup and view all the answers

The moment which tends to rotate an object in a counterclockwise direction is called an ______ moment.

<p>anticlockwise</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following factors of measuring instruments with their definitions:

<p>Range = The closeness of a measured value to the actual value Sensitivity = The response to the smallest change in measurement Accuracy = The size of the interval between max and min values Precision = How small the uncertainty in the measurement is</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to moment of force with their definitions:

<p>F = Force applied d = Distance from pivot T = Turning effect cw = Clockwise moment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Hooke's Law state about the relationship between force and extension of a spring?

<p>Extension is directly proportional to the load, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The line of best fit must pass through all the data points.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the variable 'k' represent in Hooke's Law?

<p>spring constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the formula $F = kx$, the letter 'F' represents the ______.

<p>force/load</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their correct descriptions:

<p>Extension = The amount a spring stretches or compresses Elastic limit = The maximum extent to which a material can be deformed Load = The force applied to a spring Spring constant = A measure of a spring's stiffness</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to compute density?

<p>$ ho = rac{m}{V}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The gradient of a graph is calculated by the formula $Gradient = rac{y_2+y_1}{x_2+x_1}$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the equation $V = rac{m}{ ho}$ represent?

<p>Volume of a substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

The volume of water displaced can be calculated using the formula _______.

<p>$V_2 - V_1$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following units with their conversions:

<p>1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³ 1 kg/m³ = 1000 g/cm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of a cube with a side length of 2 cm?

<p>8 cm³ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The SI unit for measuring volume is liters.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What formula would you use to calculate the volume of a cylinder?

<p>$\pi r^{2} h$</p> Signup and view all the answers

The volume of a ________ is calculated using the formula $ rac{4}{3} imes rac{ ext{pi}}{r^{3}}$.

<p>sphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following shapes with their respective volume formulas:

<p>Cube = $s^{3}$ Cuboid = $L imes W imes H$ Cylinder = $ ext{pi} r^{2} h$ Sphere = $ rac{4}{3} ext{pi} r^{3}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the format of writing a number in scientific notation?

<p>$a imes 10^{b}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Distance is a vector quantity.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between speed and velocity?

<p>Speed is a scalar quantity that measures how fast an object moves without regard to direction, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Displacement is a ______ quantity that includes both magnitude and direction.

<p>vector</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following quantities with their definitions:

<p>Speed = Rate of change of distance Velocity = Rate of change of distance in a specific direction Distance = Magnitude of separation between two points Displacement = Change in position with direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the derived unit for density?

<p>kg/m³ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Giga represents a value of 10^6.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for volume?

<p>m³</p> Signup and view all the answers

Area is defined as length multiplied by ______.

<p>breadth</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following prefixes with their corresponding values:

<p>Kilo = 10³ Centi = 10⁻² Milli = 10⁻³ Giga = 10⁹</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Moment of Force

The turning effect of a force.

Moment Formula

Moment = Force x Distance from pivot.

Clockwise Moment

A moment that rotates an object clockwise.

Anticlockwise Moment

A moment that rotates an object counter-clockwise.

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SI Unit for Moment

Newton-meters (Nm).

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Volume

The amount of space an object takes up.

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Volume of a Cube

Side times side times side ($s^3$).

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Volume of a Cuboid

Length times width times height.

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SI unit for Volume

Cubic meters ($m^3$).

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Solving word problem steps (7 Steps)

Understand, reread, state knowns and unknowns, check units, state formula, solve, and verify.

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Water Displacement

Finding the volume of an object by measuring the volume of water it displaces.

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Density Formula

Density equals mass divided by volume ($ ho = m/V$).

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Mass Calculation

Mass equals density multiplied by volume ($m = ho imes V$).

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Gradient Formula

Gradient of a line = (change in y) / (change in x) or ($Gradient = rac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}$).

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Graph Plotting Rules

Graph plotting involves labeling axes, choosing a scale, plotting points and drawing the best fit line, labeling accordingly.

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Hooke's Law

The extension of a spring or elastic material is directly proportional to the applied force, as long as the elastic limit is not exceeded.

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Spring Constant

A value that describes how stiff a spring is.

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Hooke's Law Formula

F = kx

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Finding Line of Best Fit (Step 1)

Substitute the given x and y values into equations.

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Finding Line of Best Fit (Step 2)

Convert any values to decimal format.

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Mass definition

The amount of matter in an object. It stays the same regardless of location.

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Weight definition

The force of gravity acting on an object. It changes based on gravity.

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Mass unit

Kilograms (kg).

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Weight unit

Newtons (N).

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Vernier Caliper use

Measures small lengths precisely in centimeters.

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Kinetic Energy

Energy of motion

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Potential Energy

Stored energy

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Digital Scale

A scale that displays measurements using numbers on a screen.

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Qualitative Observation

Using your senses to describe something

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Analog Scale

A scale that uses a pointer moving over a marked scale to show measurements.

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Quantitative Observation

Using instruments to measure something

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Linear Scale

A scale with evenly spaced markings.

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SI Units

Standard units for measurements (e.g., meters, kilograms, seconds)

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Calibrating a Scale

Checking the accuracy of a scale by comparing it to a standard value.

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Scale Sensitivity

How well a scale detects small changes in the thing being measured.

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Scientific Notation

A way to represent extremely large or small numbers compactly using powers of ten.

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Scalar Quantity

A measurement that has only magnitude (size).

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Vector Quantity

A measurement that has both magnitude and direction.

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Distance vs. Displacement

Distance is the total length traveled. Displacement is the change in an object's position from a starting point.

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Speed vs. Velocity

Speed is the rate of change of distance. Velocity is the rate of change of displacement.

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Fundamental Quantity

A basic quantity that cannot be defined in terms of other quantities. Examples include length, mass, and time.

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Derived Quantity

A quantity that is defined in terms of other quantities. Examples include area, volume, and density.

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Prefixes in Scientific Notation

Prefixes used to indicate multiples or submultiples of base units. Examples include kilo (k) for 1000 and milli (m) for 0.001.

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Study Notes

Moment of Force (Torque)

  • The product of the force and the distance between the force and the pivot
  • Formula:
    • τ = F × d
    • τ = moment
    • F = force
    • d = distance
  • You can increase turning effect by increasing weight or distance from pivot

Clockwise & Anti-clockwise Torment

  • A moment which tends to rotate an object or system in a clockwise direction is a clockwise moment (cw) and vise versa
  • SI unit is Newton Metres (Nm)

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Description

Test your understanding of key concepts in physics related to measurement and units. This quiz covers topics such as the SI unit of mass, types of energy, and the principles of calibration. Perfect for students looking to solidify their knowledge in physics fundamentals.

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