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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements accurately describes displacement?
Which of the following statements accurately describes displacement?
How is average velocity calculated when given displacement and time?
How is average velocity calculated when given displacement and time?
What distinguishes velocity from speed?
What distinguishes velocity from speed?
In the context of Maria's walk, what is her displacement from her initial position at home to the park?
In the context of Maria's walk, what is her displacement from her initial position at home to the park?
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If an airplane passenger moves -4 m horizontally in 5 seconds, what is their average velocity?
If an airplane passenger moves -4 m horizontally in 5 seconds, what is their average velocity?
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What is the key distinction between distance and displacement?
What is the key distinction between distance and displacement?
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Which of the following best defines velocity?
Which of the following best defines velocity?
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If a car travels 200 km east in 2 hours, what is its average velocity?
If a car travels 200 km east in 2 hours, what is its average velocity?
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What characterizes instantaneous acceleration?
What characterizes instantaneous acceleration?
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Which statement accurately distinguishes between vector and scalar quantities?
Which statement accurately distinguishes between vector and scalar quantities?
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Study Notes
Displacement
- Defined as the change in position of an object, represented by the equation: ( x = x_f - x_0 )
- ( x_f ) is the final position, and ( x_0 ) is the initial position.
- Example calculation: If ( x_f = 3.5 , \text{m} ) and ( x_0 = 1.5 , \text{m} ), then displacement ( x = 2.0 , \text{m} ).
Example of Displacement
- Maria walks 200 m east (initial position = 0 m) and then 150 m west.
- Final position calculation: ( x_f = 0 + 200 , \text{m} - 150 , \text{m} = 50 , \text{m} ) east.
- Displacement from her house to the park is ( 50 , \text{m} ).
Speed vs. Velocity
- Speed is a scalar quantity, meaning it has magnitude but no direction.
- Velocity is a vector quantity that includes both magnitude and direction, usually expressed in units like mph or km/h.
Average Velocity
- Calculated as the displacement divided by the time taken: [ v_{ave} = \frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t} ]
- ( \Delta x ) is the displacement, and ( \Delta t ) is the change in time.
Time
- Time measures the interval over which change occurs, with SI unit as seconds (s).
- Elapsed time calculation: [ t = t_f - t_0 ]
- Example: If the ending time is 6:30 and starting time is 3:00, elapsed time = 3.5 hours.
Practical Example of Time
- John starts hiking at 9:30 AM and finishes at 12:45 PM with a 15-minute break.
- Total hiking time without the break can be calculated.
Acceleration
- Defined as the rate of change of velocity, which includes changes in speed and direction.
- Acceleration is a vector quantity.
Deceleration vs. Negative Acceleration
- Deceleration occurs when the acceleration acts in the opposite direction of velocity, reducing speed.
- Negative acceleration refers to acceleration that opposes the defined positive direction in a coordinate system.
Instantaneous Acceleration
- Refers to acceleration at a specific instant in time, similar to calculating instantaneous velocity.
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Description
This quiz covers the concept of displacement in physics, including its definition, formula, and a sample calculation. You will learn how to determine the displacement by using the initial and final position of an object.
