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Questions and Answers
What is the natural tendency of objects to resist a change in their state of rest or of uniform motion called?
What is the natural tendency of objects to resist a change in their state of rest or of uniform motion called?
Inertia
What is the SI unit of inertia?
What is the SI unit of inertia?
Kilogram
What happens when a force is applied to an object?
What happens when a force is applied to an object?
- The object may change its state of motion.
- The object may deform.
- The object may change its shape and size.
- All of the above. (correct)
A balanced force acting on an object will change its state of rest or motion.
A balanced force acting on an object will change its state of rest or motion.
What is the definition of momentum?
What is the definition of momentum?
What is the SI unit of momentum?
What is the SI unit of momentum?
What is the name of the first law of motion?
What is the name of the first law of motion?
An object in motion will remain in motion unless an external force is applied.
An object in motion will remain in motion unless an external force is applied.
What is the mathematical expression for Newton's Second Law of Motion?
What is the mathematical expression for Newton's Second Law of Motion?
What does the third law of motion state?
What does the third law of motion state?
What is the definition of the law of conservation of momentum?
What is the definition of the law of conservation of momentum?
The momentum of a system can be created or destroyed.
The momentum of a system can be created or destroyed.
Why is it difficult for a fireman to hold a hose that ejects large amounts of water at a high velocity?
Why is it difficult for a fireman to hold a hose that ejects large amounts of water at a high velocity?
Flashcards
Motion
Motion
The change in position of an object over time.
Force
Force
A push, pull, or hit that can cause a change in an object's motion or shape.
Balanced Forces
Balanced Forces
Forces acting on an object that are equal in size and opposite in direction, resulting in no change in motion.
Unbalanced Forces
Unbalanced Forces
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Friction
Friction
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Velocity
Velocity
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Acceleration
Acceleration
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Uniform Motion
Uniform Motion
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Non-uniform Motion
Non-uniform Motion
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Natural State of Rest
Natural State of Rest
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Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei
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Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton
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Object at Rest
Object at Rest
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Object in Motion
Object in Motion
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Changing State of Motion
Changing State of Motion
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Changing Magnitude of Velocity
Changing Magnitude of Velocity
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Changing Direction of Motion
Changing Direction of Motion
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Changing Shape or Size
Changing Shape or Size
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Pushing
Pushing
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Pulling
Pulling
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Hitting
Hitting
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Position
Position
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Effect of Force
Effect of Force
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Study Notes
Chapter 9: Force and Laws of Motion
- Motion described by position, velocity, and acceleration, can be uniform or non-uniform
- Scientists and philosophers puzzled by what causes motion.
- Rest considered the natural state until Galileo and Newton.
- Effort required to change an object's motion, defining force.
- Forces can change an object's velocity (magnitude/direction) or shape/size.
9.1 Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
- Balanced forces: Equal magnitude, opposite directions, no change in motion.
- Unbalanced forces: Unequal magnitude, resulting in movement.
- Unbalanced force is needed to change an object's speed or direction
- Friction opposes motion; balanced by push/pull until unbalanced.
9.2 First Law of Motion
- Objects resist changes in motion (inertia).
- Unbalanced force needed for changes in velocity.
- Examples:
- Marble on inclined plane
- Motorcar stopping/starting
9.4 Second Law of Motion
- Acceleration directly proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass.
- Momentum defined as mass × velocity.
- Rate of change of momentum is equal to force.
- Formula: F = ma
9.5 Third Law of Motion
- For every action, there's an equal and opposite reaction.
- Forces always act on different objects, not self.
- Examples:
- Gun firing
- Sailor jumping off a boat
- Stepping on a scale
9.6 Conservation of Momentum
- Total momentum of a system remains the same unless external forces affect it.
- Momentum is conserved in collisions.
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