Physics Chapter 7 Review Flashcards

Electrical Concepts

• Ohm is the unit of resistance in electrical circuits.
• Power (P) is calculated with the formula P = I x V, linking power, current (I), and voltage (V).
• A parallel circuit consists of multiple branches for current flow, allowing various pathways.
• Insulators are materials that impede the flow of electrons.
• Ohm's Law defines the relationship between current, voltage difference, and resistance: current = voltage difference / resistance.
• A dry cell is a source of constant electric current, commonly used in batteries.
• Static discharge occurs rapidly, lasting only a fraction of a second, distinct from continuous electric current.
• A series circuit permits current to flow through a single pathway only.
• Static electricity refers to an accumulation of electric charge on an object.
• Electrical power is the rate at which an electrical device converts energy from one form to another.

Electrical Phenomena

• Lightning represents a significant and rapid discharge of static electricity.
• Circuit breakers are safety devices designed to interrupt overloaded circuits, preventing overheating.
• As current traverses a circuit, the voltage varies due to resistance in different parts of the circuit.

Battery Types

• A wet cell refers to a type of battery, such as those used in vehicles.
• A dry cell is often used in portable devices like flashlights.

Conductors and Insulators

• Conductors allow electrons to flow easily, while insulators restrict this movement.
• The voltage difference acts as a push that motivates charges to move within a circuit.

Electromagnetic Concepts

• An electric field surrounds electric charges and applies force on other nearby charges.
• The unit of electrical energy is the kilowatt hour, commonly used in measuring electricity consumption.

Safety Devices

• Lightning rods are metal structures designed to redirect lightning strikes safely to the ground.
• A circuit is defined as a closed path allowing electrons to flow uninterrupted, essential for circuit functionality.

Current and Charge

• Electric current denotes the flow of electrons through a conductor, and static electricity is the presence of accumulated electric charges on surfaces.