Physics Chapter 4 Test Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of force?

A push or pull exerted on an object.

What is a free body diagram?

The type of physical model which represents the forces acting on a system.

One pound equals how many Newtons?

4.5 N (correct)

1.5 N

9.8 N

10 N

What does net force refer to?

The vector sum of all the forces on an object. Signup and view all the answers

What is Newton's 1st law?

An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue in motion with constant speed if the net force is zero. Signup and view all the answers

What is Newton's second law?

a = F/m Signup and view all the answers

What is inertia?

The tendency of an object to resist change. Signup and view all the answers

What does equilibrium mean in physics?

If the net force on an object is zero, then the object is in equilibrium. Signup and view all the answers

What is apparent weight?

The force an object experiences as a result of all the forces acting on it. Signup and view all the answers

What is weightlessness?

There are no contact forces pushing up on the object, and the object's apparent weight is zero. Signup and view all the answers

What is drag force?

The force exerted by a fluid on an object moving through the fluid. Signup and view all the answers

What is terminal velocity?

The constant velocity reached when the drag force equals the force of gravity. Signup and view all the answers

What is an interaction pair?

Two forces that are in opposite directions and have equal magnitude. Signup and view all the answers

What is Newton's third law?

F = -F Signup and view all the answers

What does tension refer to?

The force exerted by a string or rope. Signup and view all the answers

What is normal force?

The perpendicular contact force exerted by a surface on another object. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for acceleration in an elevator?

For no acceleration, F = mg; for acceleration, F = m(a + g). Signup and view all the answers

Name different types of forces.

Friction, Normal, Spring, Tension, Thrust, Weight. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Forces and Motion

Force: Defined as a push or pull exerted on an object.
Free Body Diagram: A physical model representing all forces acting on a system.
One Pound: Equivalent to 4.5 Newtons (N).
Net Force: The vector sum of all forces on an object, represented as ( F_{net} = F_{scale} + (-F_g) ).

Newton's Laws of Motion

Newton's 1st Law: An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion continues in a straight line with constant speed, unless acted upon by a net force equal to zero.
Newton's 2nd Law: Expressed as ( a = \frac{f}{m} ), the acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force applied and inversely proportional to its mass.
Newton's 3rd Law: States that forces in an interaction pair are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, represented as ( F = -F ).

Key Concepts of Motion

Inertia: The property of an object to resist changes in its state of motion; an object at rest tends to stay at rest.
Equilibrium: Occurs when the net force on an object is zero, resulting in no acceleration.
Apparent Weight: The perceived weight of an object due to all acting forces, resulting in its acceleration.

Special Conditions

Weightlessness: A state where no contact forces counteract gravity, leading to an apparent weight of zero.
Drag Force: The resistance force exerted by a fluid on an object moving through it.
Terminal Velocity: The constant velocity reached when the drag force equals the gravitational force acting on the object.

Forces in Various Contexts

Interaction Pair: Two forces acting in opposite directions with equal strength.
Tension: The pulling force transmitted through a string, rope, or cable, calculated with ( T = F_{net} + F_g ).
Normal Force: The perpendicular force exerted by a surface, calculated as ( F_n = F_g - F ).

Acceleration Scenarios

Acceleration in an Elevator: No acceleration results in ( F = mg); with acceleration, the equation becomes ( F = m(a + g) ).

Types of Forces

Friction: Force opposing motion between surfaces in contact.
Normal Force: Support force from a surface onto an object.
Spring Force: Force exerted by a compressed or stretched spring.
Tension: Pulling force transmitted via strings or ropes.
Thrust: Forces generated to propel objects, especially in rockets or airplanes.
Weight: The force of gravitational attraction acting on an object.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts from Physics Chapter 4 with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential terms like force, free body diagrams, and Newton's laws. Perfect for reviewing before your next exam or simply refreshing your understanding of physics.