Questions and Answers
Conservation laws can be used even when the details of what is occurring inside a system aren't known.
True
The momentum of an object never changes.
False
Kinetic energy is conserved in elastic collisions.
True
Linear momentum is conserved in all collisions.
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Momentum is conserved only when there is no friction.
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Work done within an isolated system can increase the energy of the system.
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Centripetal force changes linear momentum but not angular momentum.
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Kinetic energy is definitely conserved when two moving objects collide and rebound from each other.
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Linear momentum is definitely conserved when two moving objects collide and rebound from each other.
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Kinetic energy is definitely not conserved when two moving objects collide, stick to each other, and move off together.
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Linear momentum is definitely conserved when two moving objects collide, stick to each other, and move off together.
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The energy stored in a pile driver is an example of gravitational potential energy.
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The energy stored in a stretched spring is an example of gravitational potential energy.
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The energy of a body moving across a horizontal surface is an example of kinetic energy.
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The energy in the water at the top of a waterfall is an example of gravitational potential energy.
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What does it mean for a physical quantity in a system to be conserved?
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Kinetic energy is conserved in what type of collision?
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The linear momentum of a truck will be greater than that of a bus if:
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What are the SI units of momentum?
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Work is done on an object when:
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If a force on an object is aimed opposite the direction of the object's velocity, the force does:
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If a force on an object is aimed in the direction of the object's velocity, the force does:
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If a force on an object is aimed perpendicular to the direction of the object's velocity, the force does:
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Kinetic energy may or may not be conserved when two moving objects collide and rebound from each other.
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Kinetic energy is definitely conserved in an elastic collision.
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Linear momentum is definitely conserved in an elastic collision.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Study Notes
Conservation Laws
- Conservation laws apply regardless of the inner workings of a system.
- Momentum can change; it is not constant unless specific conditions are met.
Kinetic Energy in Collisions
- Kinetic energy is conserved during elastic collisions, while it is not conserved during inelastic collisions.
- In collisions, linear momentum is always conserved, regardless of kinetic energy conservation.
- If two objects collide and rebound, kinetic energy conservation depends on the type of collision.
Types of Energy
- Gravitational potential energy, exemplified by a pile driver and water at the top of a waterfall, is significant in various contexts.
- Elastic potential energy can be stored in a spring, whereas kinetic energy is the energy of an object in motion.
- The energy stored in a stretched spring is not gravitational potential energy.
Momentum and Work
- Linear momentum is defined as the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity, with SI units being kg-m/s.
- Work is performed when a force causes an object to move, with different scenarios producing positive, negative, or no work based on the direction of the force relative to movement.
- Power signifies the rate at which work is done.
Collision Types
- Elastic collisions conserve kinetic energy; inelastic collisions do not.
- Angular momentum pertains to objects in circular motion.
Key Definitions
- Energy measures a system's ability to perform work.
- Work is calculated by multiplying force by the distance an object moves in the direction of the force.
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Description
Test your understanding of key concepts in Physics Chapter 3 with these flashcards. The focus is on conservation laws, momentum, and kinetic energy in systems. Challenge yourself with true or false statements related to these principles.
