Physics Chapter 16 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

How are sound waves produced?

Sound waves are produced by vibrations that push and pull on the medium that surrounds them and then send out waves.

Describe how particles move as energy is transferred through a sound wave.

The particles come together and then spread apart repeating this cycle.

Explain how temperature affects the speed of sound.

In warm/hot temperatures, sound moves faster due to the increased activity of particles; the opposite is true for cold temperatures.

Would the sound from a distant train travel faster through air or through steel train tracks?

It would travel faster through steel train tracks. Signup and view all the answers

Suppose an audience watching a science fiction movie hears a loud roar as a spaceship explodes in outer space. Why is this unrealistic?

This is unrealistic because in places like space, sound cannot be heard due to the lack of medium. Signup and view all the answers

If a tree falls in the forest and no one hears it, will there be sound? Why or why not?

Yes, there is sound; just because no one heard it doesn't mean it didn't happen. Signup and view all the answers

Describe what is different about the sound waves produced by a low and high note musical instrument.

A low note has slower vibrations and longer wavelengths, while a high note has faster vibrations and shorter wavelengths. Signup and view all the answers

Explain why two people singing the same pitch do not sound exactly the same.

Two people who sing the same note do not sound the same due to different sound qualities; each human has a unique vocal characteristic. Signup and view all the answers

How does perceived pitch change as a sound source passes a listener?

As a sound source approaches a listener, the pitch grows louder and the frequency speeds up; as it moves away, the pitch softens and the frequency decreases. Signup and view all the answers

How could you produce vibration in a tuning fork without touching it? Explain your answer.

Vibrations with a tuning fork can be made by banging them together, causing the fork to vibrate and produce sound. Signup and view all the answers

Suppose you could view the waves produced by a high-pitched and a low-pitched voice. Which wave would display the greater number of compressions in 1s? Why?

High-pitched waves would display a greater number of compressions because they travel at a faster frequency than low-pitched waves. Signup and view all the answers

Offer a possible explanation for why no one noticed the Doppler effect before the 1800s.

Before the 1800s, there weren't many things that moved fast; the fastest ways to travel were by walking or horseback riding. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the terms intensity, decibel, and amplitude are related.

Intensity is the energy of the wave, decibel units are used to measure this intensity, and amplitude refers to the distance between the crest and trough. Signup and view all the answers

One way that sound intensity is controlled?

The intensity is controlled by adding or taking energy away from the sound wave. Signup and view all the answers

How do loud sounds cause damage to hearing?

Loud sounds cause damage to hearing because sounds over 90 dB can damage the hairs in the inner ear cochlea. Signup and view all the answers

A wind chime produces both soft and loud sounds. If you could see the waves, how would they differ?

The soft sounds would have a slow frequency and slow movement, while loud sounds would have faster frequencies. Signup and view all the answers

How could you demonstrate that sound dies away over distance?

I would put one volunteer near the radio, another next to it, and the last one far from it. I would use a tape recorder to record the sounds that are heard. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these acoustical designs would be best for a concert hall?

A room with some acoustic tile Signup and view all the answers

Describe a medical use of ultrasound.

Ultrasound is used to examine babies while they are still in their mother's womb, creating images of the baby. Signup and view all the answers

How are vibrations produced by each of the three main types of musical instruments?

String, wind, and percussion instruments all produce sound by vibrating in different ways. Signup and view all the answers

How do telephones record and reproduce sound?

Telephones record sound by converting sound waves from your mouth into signals, which are then sent to the receiver's phone. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sound Waves Production

Sound waves arise from vibrations that compress and expand the surrounding medium, creating waves.

Particle Movement in Sound Waves

Particles oscillate, coming together and then spreading apart, facilitating energy transfer through sound.

Temperature Impact on Sound Speed

Sound travels faster in warm environments due to increased particle movement, while it slows down in cold temperatures.

Sound Transmission Medium

Distant train sounds travel quicker through steel train tracks compared to air, as sound travels faster in solids than in gases.

Sound in Space

Sound cannot be heard in space because there is no medium for the sound waves to travel through.

Sound Production of a Falling Tree

A falling tree produces sound regardless of whether it is heard; sound occurs from the event itself, independent of perception.

Sound Waves of Musical Instruments

Low-pitched sounds have slower vibrations and longer wavelengths, while high-pitched sounds exhibit faster vibrations and shorter wavelengths.

Variability in Singing Voices

Even when singing the same note, individual differences in sound quality result in unique vocal sounds.

Perceived Pitch Changes

As a sound source approaches, perceived pitch increases, becoming louder, while it softens and decreases in frequency as it moves away.

Vibrating a Tuning Fork

A tuning fork can vibrate and produce sound when struck, causing it to create sound waves without direct physical contact.

Compression Frequency Comparison

High-pitched sounds exhibit more compressions per second than low-pitched sounds due to their higher frequency.

Historical Awareness of the Doppler Effect

The Doppler effect went unnoticed prior to the 1800s due to the slower speeds of transportation and limited observation of fast-moving objects.

Relationship of Sound Properties

Intensity relates to wave energy; decibels measure intensity, and amplitude describes wave height. Greater amplitude correlates with higher intensity, measured in decibels.

Controlling Sound Intensity

Sound intensity can be adjusted by adding or removing energy from the sound wave, impacting the wave's energy.

Hearing Damage from Loud Sounds

Sounds exceeding 90 decibels can harm the delicate hair cells in the cochlea, leading to hearing impairment.

Sound Wave Characteristics of Wind Chimes

Soft sounds generate lower frequencies and slower vibrations, while loud sounds feature higher frequencies and quicker vibrations.

Demonstration of Sound Attenuation

To show sound diminishes over distance, position volunteers at different distances from a radio and record sound perceptions.

Optimum Concert Hall Design

An auditorium with acoustic tiles offers the best design for enhancing sound quality during performances.

Medical Application of Ultrasound

Ultrasound technology is employed to visualize fetuses in the womb, producing images for medical assessment.

Vibrations in Musical Instruments

Musical instruments produce sound through vibrations, differing based on their type: string, wind, or percussion.

Sound Recording and Reproduction in Telephones

Telephones capture sound through waves generated by the speaker’s voice, transmitting them through a network to the listener's device.

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Description

Dive into Chapter 16 with these flashcards focused on sound waves! Explore how sound waves are produced, how particles move with energy transfer, and the effect of temperature on sound speed. Perfect for mastering the key concepts of this chapter.