Physics and Biology Quiz on Circuits and Respiration

A battery serves as a power source that stores chemical energy and provides the energy needed for electrons to move through the circuit.

Voltage is analogous to water pressure; higher voltage means a stronger push on electrons, similar to higher pressure pushing water through pipes.

The rate of flow of electric charge, or current, is determined by the speed of electrons moving through the circuit.

<p>Ohm's law states that voltage (V) equals current (I) multiplied by resistance (R), or V = IR.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electrons lose more energy and find it harder to flow through materials with high resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Resistors are designed to have high resistance to lower the current passing through the circuit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased voltage provides a greater push on the electrons, resulting in faster movement and higher current.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We assume the resistance of connecting wires is zero because it is typically negligible compared to other components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alveoli provide a large surface area for gas exchange by allowing oxygen to dissolve in their moist surfaces and diffuse into red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, increasing the volume of the chest cavity and decreasing air pressure inside the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide, a byproduct of respiration, is transferred from the red blood cells to the lungs and then exhaled out of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The equation is: Oxygen + glucose → carbon dioxide + water + energy; it represents how oxygen and glucose react to produce energy while releasing carbon dioxide and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Purity refers to the extent to which a substance is free from contaminants, and it is important to ensure the effectiveness and safety of products in various industries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, the excess is stored as fat, which leads to an increase in body mass; conversely, insufficient intake causes weight loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A physical change alters the state or appearance of a substance without changing its composition, while a chemical change results in the formation of new substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lungs excrete carbon dioxide produced during respiration, making them part of both the respiratory and excretory systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reactants are the starting substances that undergo change, while products are the new substances formed as a result of the reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The liver processes amino acids, the end products of protein digestion, facilitating their use for protein synthesis and metabolic functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy stored in chemical bonds is released during chemical reactions, which is crucial for processes like battery operation and fuel combustion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When fat stores are depleted, the body begins to utilize muscle tissue for energy, which can lead to serious health issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chemical equation consists of reactants on one side, products on the other, and an arrow indicating the direction of the reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A spontaneous reaction is one that occurs naturally without needing a continuous supply of energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By controlling the amount of water excreted in urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They help cool the body by allowing sweat to evaporate and remove heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rusting is an example of a spontaneous reaction because it occurs naturally over time without an external energy source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>External energy may be needed to initiate certain spontaneous reactions, after which they can proceed on their own, like wood burning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urine is 95% water, 5% urea, and contains small amounts of salts and pigments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are broken down, and unwanted hemoglobin is added to bile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can damage the capillaries where blood is filtered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All individuals in a species are identical, making them vulnerable to diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sexual reproduction produces genetically diverse offspring, providing a better chance of survival in changing environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-fertilization involves hermaphrodites fertilizing each other's eggs, which is important for genetic diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three main components are: all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy via photosynthesis, while mitochondria convert glucose into ATP through cellular respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffusion allows small particles to move from high concentration to low concentration across the cell membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria release energy trapped in glucose, making it available for the cell's functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells, while eukaryotic cells utilize mitochondria for respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers