Physics 12th Class: Current Electricity Chapter
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Questions and Answers

According to Ohm's Law, what is the relationship between current (I) and voltage (V)?

  • Inverse
  • Directly proportional (correct)
  • Unrelated
  • Exponential

What is the SI unit of electric current?

  • Ampere (correct)
  • Coulomb
  • Volt
  • Ohm

What factors does resistance depend on in a conductor?

  • Material, length, cross-sectional area, and temperature (correct)
  • Voltage and material
  • Length and current
  • Temperature and cross-sectional area

What is the measure of a material's ability to conduct electric current?

<p>Resistivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In most conductors, what happens to resistance as temperature increases?

<p>Increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can resistors be connected in an electrical circuit?

<p>In series, parallel, or a combination of both (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law states that the total current entering a junction is equal to the total current leaving the junction?

<p>Kirchhoff's Current Law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the equivalent resistance of resistors in parallel?

<p>The reciprocal of the sum of reciprocals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between electrical power and voltage in an electric circuit?

<p>Directly proportional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Joule's Law of Heating, what is the heat produced in a resistor proportional to?

<p>Resistance of the resistor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is EMF referring to when discussing cells and batteries?

<p>Electromotive Force (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an electric circuit, what does internal resistance affect in a battery?

<p>Ability to deliver current (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ohm's Law: Current-Voltage Relationship

The current (I) flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage (V) across its ends. This means that as the voltage increases, the current also increases proportionally, and vice versa.

SI Unit of Electric Current

The SI unit of electric current is the ampere (A). One ampere represents the flow of one coulomb of electric charge per second.

Factors Affecting Resistance

Resistance in a conductor depends on the material it's made of, its length, its cross-sectional area, and its temperature. Materials with lower resistivity offer less resistance.

Resistivity

Resistivity is a measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current. A material with high resistivity will offer more resistance to current flow.

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Temperature's Effect on Resistance

In most conductors, resistance increases as temperature increases. This is because the increased temperature causes atoms to vibrate more, obstructing the flow of electrons.

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Resistor Connections

Resistors can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both. Series connections add resistances, parallel connections reduce overall resistance.

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Kirchhoff's Current Law

Kirchhoff's Current Law states that the total current entering a junction (a point where wires meet) in a circuit is equal to the total current leaving the junction.

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Equivalent Resistance in Parallel

The equivalent resistance (R) of resistors in parallel is calculated by taking the reciprocal of the sum of reciprocals of individual resistances.

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Power-Voltage Relationship

Electrical power (P) is directly proportional to the voltage (V) in an electric circuit. Higher voltage means higher power.

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Joule's Law of Heating

Joule's Law of Heating states that the heat (H) produced in a resistor is proportional to the square of the current (I) flowing through it, the resistance (R) of the resistor, and the time (t) for which the current flows.

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EMF in Cells and Batteries

EMF (Electromotive Force) is the energy provided by a cell or battery per unit charge. It's like the driving force that pushes the charges around the circuit.

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Internal Resistance in Batteries

Internal resistance affects a battery's ability to deliver current. Higher internal resistance means less current can be delivered for a given EMF.

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Study Notes

Ohm's Law and Electric Current

  • Ohm's Law states that the relationship between current (I) and voltage (V) is I = V/R, where R is the resistance.
  • The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere (A).

Resistance in Conductors

  • Resistance in a conductor depends on the material, length, and cross-sectional area of the conductor.
  • The measure of a material's ability to conduct electric current is its conductivity.
  • In most conductors, resistance increases as temperature increases.

Connecting Resistors

  • Resistors can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both in an electrical circuit.

Kirchhoff's Laws

  • Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) states that the total current entering a junction is equal to the total current leaving the junction.

Resistors in Parallel

  • The equivalent resistance of resistors in parallel is less than the resistance of any individual resistor.

Electrical Power and Voltage

  • The relationship between electrical power and voltage in an electric circuit is P = V*I, where P is the power.

Joule's Law of Heating

  • According to Joule's Law of Heating, the heat produced in a resistor is proportional to the square of the current (I^2) and the resistance (R).

EMF and Internal Resistance

  • EMF (Electromotive Force) refers to the voltage supplied by a cell or battery.
  • Internal resistance in a battery affects the voltage supplied by the battery, reducing the EMF.

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Test your knowledge on the chapter about current electricity in the 12th class Physics syllabus. Topics include electric current, Ohm's Law, and electrical circuits. Prepare for your exams with this quiz!

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