Podcast
Questions and Answers
¿Cuál es el propósito principal de la evaluación de la amplitud de movimiento?
¿Cuál es el propósito principal de la evaluación de la amplitud de movimiento?
¿Qué tipo de terapia manual se utiliza para mejorar la flexibilidad y reducir el dolor?
¿Qué tipo de terapia manual se utiliza para mejorar la flexibilidad y reducir el dolor?
¿Qué herramienta se utiliza para medir la amplitud de movimiento articular?
¿Qué herramienta se utiliza para medir la amplitud de movimiento articular?
¿Cuál es el propósito principal de las escalas de dolor?
¿Cuál es el propósito principal de las escalas de dolor?
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¿Cuál es la causa más común de lumbalgias?
¿Cuál es la causa más común de lumbalgias?
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¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de la fisioterapia en pacientes con lesiones medulares?
¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de la fisioterapia en pacientes con lesiones medulares?
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¿Cuál es el tipo más común de traumatismo craneal?
¿Cuál es el tipo más común de traumatismo craneal?
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¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de la fisioterapia en pacientes con accidentes cerebrovasculares?
¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de la fisioterapia en pacientes con accidentes cerebrovasculares?
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¿Cuál es la causa más común de accidentes cerebrovasculares?
¿Cuál es la causa más común de accidentes cerebrovasculares?
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¿Cuál es el tipo de fisioterapia más adecuado para pacientes con lesiones medulares incompletas?
¿Cuál es el tipo de fisioterapia más adecuado para pacientes con lesiones medulares incompletas?
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Study Notes
Physical Therapy Evaluation and Rehabilitation
Range of Motion (ROM) Assessment
- Definition: A systematic approach to measure the extent of movement in a joint or series of joints
- Purposes:
- Identify joint mobility and flexibility
- Detect restrictors to movement (e.g., muscle tightness, joint stiffness)
- Monitor progress and adjust treatment plans
- Types of ROM:
- Active ROM (AROM): Patient moves joint through range of motion
- Passive ROM (PROM): Therapist moves joint through range of motion
- Resistive ROM: Patient moves joint against resistance (e.g., weights, bands)
Manual Therapy
- Definition: Skilled passive movement of joints and soft tissues to improve joint mobility, reduce pain, and promote relaxation
- Techniques:
- Joint mobilization: Gentle, controlled movements to increase joint mobility
- Soft tissue mobilization: Techniques to improve flexibility and reduce scar tissue
- Massage: Manipulation of soft tissues to promote relaxation and reduce pain
- Goals:
- Improve joint mobility and flexibility
- Reduce pain and inflammation
- Enhance muscle strength and function
Goniometria
- Definition: A measurement technique to assess joint range of motion using a goniometer (protractor)
- Purposes:
- Quantify joint range of motion
- Monitor progress and adjust treatment plans
- Types of goniometers:
- Universal goniometer: Measures flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction
- Inclinometer: Measures joint angle in one plane (e.g., sagittal, frontal)
Escalas de Dolor (Pain Scales)
- Definition: Standardized tools to assess and quantify pain intensity
- Examples:
- Visual Analog Scale (VAS): 0-10 cm scale with "no pain" to "worst possible pain"
- Numerical Rating Scale (NRS): 0-10 scale with "no pain" to "worst possible pain"
- Faces Pain Scale: Facial expressions to rate pain intensity
Lumbalgias Comunes (Common Low Back Pain)
- Definition: Acute or chronic pain in the lower back region
- Causes:
- Musculoskeletal strain
- Herniated discs
- Degenerative disc disease
- Poor posture
- Physical therapy interventions:
- Stretching and strengthening exercises
- Posture correction and education
- Manual therapy and modalities (e.g., heat, cold, electrical stimulation)
Lesiones Medulares (Spinal Cord Injuries)
- Definition: Trauma to the spinal cord resulting in partial or complete loss of motor and sensory function
- Classification:
- Complete: No motor or sensory function below the level of injury
- Incomplete: Some motor or sensory function remains below the level of injury
- Physical therapy interventions:
- Strengthening and range of motion exercises
- Posture and positioning education
- Functional training and activities of daily living (ADLs) retraining
Traumatismos Craneales (Traumatic Brain Injuries)
- Definition: Trauma to the brain resulting in cognitive, physical, and emotional changes
- Classification:
- Mild: Concussion or mild traumatic brain injury
- Moderate: More severe cognitive and physical impairments
- Severe: Significant cognitive and physical impairments
- Physical therapy interventions:
- Cognitive retraining and memory exercises
- Balance and vestibular rehabilitation
- Functional training and ADLs retraining
Accidentes Cerebro Vasculares (Cerebrovascular Accidents)
- Definition: Sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in neurological deficits
- Causes:
- Ischemic stroke (80-90%): Blockage of blood vessel
- Hemorrhagic stroke (10-20%): Rupture of blood vessel
- Physical therapy interventions:
- Neuromuscular re-education and strengthening
- Range of motion and mobility exercises
- Functional training and ADLs retraining
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Description
Test your knowledge of physical therapy evaluation and rehabilitation techniques, including range of motion assessment, manual therapy, and pain scales. Covers common injuries and conditions, such as low back pain, spinal cord injuries, and cerebrovascular accidents.
