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Questions and Answers
What is the term for when an object changes position over time when compared with a reference point?
What is the term for when an object changes position over time when compared with a reference point?
- Motion (correct)
- Displacement
- Reference Point
- Distance
What is a reference point?
What is a reference point?
An object that appears to remain in place.
What is a frame of reference?
What is a frame of reference?
Coordinate system in which the position is measured.
In what SI unit(s) are distances measured?
In what SI unit(s) are distances measured?
How far an object has moved is known as what?
How far an object has moved is known as what?
What is displacement?
What is displacement?
Give two examples of reference points.
Give two examples of reference points.
What is speed?
What is speed?
What two items are needed to find the speed of an object?
What two items are needed to find the speed of an object?
What is the SI unit for speed?
What is the SI unit for speed?
How do you find average speed?
How do you find average speed?
Why is speed considered an average rate?
Why is speed considered an average rate?
What is instantaneous speed?
What is instantaneous speed?
How do you find instantaneous speed?
How do you find instantaneous speed?
On a distance-time graph, what is the independent variable?
On a distance-time graph, what is the independent variable?
On a distance-time graph, what is the dependent variable?
On a distance-time graph, what is the dependent variable?
What is on the x-axis of a distance-time graph?
What is on the x-axis of a distance-time graph?
What is on the y-axis of a distance-time graph?
What is on the y-axis of a distance-time graph?
If an object moves at constant speed, what would a distance-time graph look like?
If an object moves at constant speed, what would a distance-time graph look like?
What does the slope on a distance-time graph tell you?
What does the slope on a distance-time graph tell you?
What does a horizontal line represent on a distance-time graph?
What does a horizontal line represent on a distance-time graph?
What does a vertical line represent on a distance-time graph?
What does a vertical line represent on a distance-time graph?
What is velocity?
What is velocity?
How is velocity different from speed?
How is velocity different from speed?
When is velocity considered constant?
When is velocity considered constant?
Give an example of constant velocity.
Give an example of constant velocity.
How do we know the Earth's crust moves?
How do we know the Earth's crust moves?
What is acceleration?
What is acceleration?
Give an example of acceleration.
Give an example of acceleration.
What is the SI unit for acceleration?
What is the SI unit for acceleration?
What is positive acceleration?
What is positive acceleration?
What is negative acceleration?
What is negative acceleration?
What are the two requirements for velocity?
What are the two requirements for velocity?
How do you calculate acceleration?
How do you calculate acceleration?
Give an example of something with positive acceleration.
Give an example of something with positive acceleration.
What does a change in direction do to acceleration?
What does a change in direction do to acceleration?
Is acceleration occurring when coasting on a roller coaster ride?
Is acceleration occurring when coasting on a roller coaster ride?
Is acceleration occurring while driving 15 m/h east?
Is acceleration occurring while driving 15 m/h east?
Is acceleration occurring while walking around a football field?
Is acceleration occurring while walking around a football field?
What is net force?
What is net force?
Give two examples of forces.
Give two examples of forces.
In SI, what is force measured in?
In SI, what is force measured in?
What is a force?
What is a force?
When a force is applied to an object, does it move?
When a force is applied to an object, does it move?
What happens when a balanced force is applied to an object?
What happens when a balanced force is applied to an object?
What happens when an unbalanced force is applied to an object?
What happens when an unbalanced force is applied to an object?
How do you calculate net force?
How do you calculate net force?
What is inertia?
What is inertia?
How are mass and inertia related?
How are mass and inertia related?
Who summarized the different ideas about motion?
Who summarized the different ideas about motion?
Summarize Newton's first law of motion.
Summarize Newton's first law of motion.
What is another name for Newton's first law of motion?
What is another name for Newton's first law of motion?
Give an example of Newton's first law of motion.
Give an example of Newton's first law of motion.
Determine the speed if an object moves 25 meters in 19 seconds.
Determine the speed if an object moves 25 meters in 19 seconds.
Determine the distance if the speed is 15 m/s and the object moved for 25 seconds.
Determine the distance if the speed is 15 m/s and the object moved for 25 seconds.
Determine the acceleration if a car has a start velocity of 10 m/s and it accelerates to 60 m/s in 5 seconds.
Determine the acceleration if a car has a start velocity of 10 m/s and it accelerates to 60 m/s in 5 seconds.
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Study Notes
Motion Concepts
- Motion refers to the change in position of an object over time relative to a reference point.
- A reference point is an object that remains stationary, used for comparison.
- A frame of reference is a coordinate system utilized to measure an object's position.
Measurements and Units
- Distances are measured in various SI units including meters, centimeters, kilometers, decameters, and decimeters.
- Distance describes how far an object has traveled, while displacement includes both distance and direction from the starting point.
Understanding Speed
- Speed is the distance traveled per unit of time, requiring both distance and time for calculation.
- SI unit for speed is meters per second (m/s).
- Average speed is calculated by dividing total distance by total time, whereas instantaneous speed is the speed at a specific moment, often read from a speedometer.
- Constant speed is depicted as a straight line on a distance-time graph, while the slope indicates the speed of the object.
Velocity in Motion
- Velocity integrates both speed and direction, differing from speed which does not include direction.
- Constant velocity occurs when an object moves in a straight line at a uniform speed.
Acceleration Dynamics
- Acceleration refers to the rate of change of velocity and is quantified in m/s².
- Positive acceleration occurs when an object speeds up, while negative acceleration (deceleration) occurs when it slows down.
- Acceleration can also result from a change in direction, maintaining velocity.
Forces in Motion
- Net force is the sum of all forces acting on an object, measured in newtons.
- Forces can be balanced (resulting in no motion change) or unbalanced (causing acceleration).
- Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, directly related to mass: more mass means more inertia.
Newton's Laws of Motion
- Sir Isaac Newton summarized the concepts of motion in three laws:
- First law (law of inertia): An object remains in its current state unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
- Example of first law: A passenger jerks forward when a car suddenly brakes.
Practical Applications
- To calculate speed, divide the distance traveled by the time taken.
- To determine distance when speed is known, multiply speed by time.
- To calculate acceleration, use the formula: A = (vf - vi) / t, where vf is final velocity, vi is initial velocity, and t is time.
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